2-6

 Head of a Man (Akkadian Ruler), Nineveh, Iraq,  c. 2300-2200 BC

earliest major work of hollow cast copper

sculpture known in the ancient near east

facial features generalized

deliberate damage to take away power

Copper alloy; Akkadian

 Akkadian

2-1

 Stele of Naram-Sin, Sippar,  r. 2254-2218 BC

Limestone; Akkadian, triumph or victory; hierarchy of scale

NaramSin larger to signal hieratic scale

 Akkadian

Babylonian

Pg. 38

Stele of Hammurabi, Iran,  c. 1792-1750 BCE

Diorite; showed the first known laws

Babylonian

Assyrian

Fig 2-10

Assurnasirpal II Killing Lions, Nimrud, Iraq, c. 875-860 BC

relief 

use to show how mighty the ruler is

 Assyrian

Fig 2-12

Guardian Figures, Sargon II Citadel, Khorsabad, Iraq,  c. 721-706 BCE

composite pose

image of ruler stylized

lion/eagle body

lamassus

Assyrian

Neo-Babylonian

Fig 2-15

Ishtar Gate and Throne Room Wall, Babylon, Iraq,  c. 575 BC

marduk =dragon snake lion bird

adad= bull

Ishtar=Lion

blue gazed ceramic bricks and relief images of real and mythological images on this artwork that served as an entrance to the city of Babylon

 Neo-Babylonian

Persian

Fig 2-17

Apadana of Darius and Xerxes Ceremonial Complex, Persepolis, Iran,  518-c. 460 BCE

Glazed brick

 Persian

Fig 2-18

Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute, detail from Appadana stairway, 

Persepolis, Iran,  491-486 BC

Persian

Limstone; example of hierarchical scale

relief

darius receiving tribute

Egypt

Early Dynastic

Pg 52

Palette of Narmer,  c. 2950 BCE

hierarical scale

first evedice of hieroglyphs

certouche

Early Dynastic

Fig 3-3    

Step Pyramid, funerary complex Djoser, Saqqara  c. 2630-2575 BC

ashlar masonry

stairway to the sun god Ra

protecting a tomb

 Early Dynastic

Old Kingdom

Fig 3-4  

Great Pyramids of Giza, Giza,  c. 2575-2450 BC

menkaure, khafre,khufu

Old Kingdom

Fig 3-6

Great Sphinx, funerary complex Khafre, Giza, Egypt  c. 2520-2494 BC

composite animal=intelligence and strenghth

in front of Khafre's pyramid

Old Kingdom

Fig 3-8

Khafre,  valley temple Khafre, c. 2520-2494  BC

idealized image of khafre

noempty spces to keep out evil spirits

intended to last forver

Old Kingdom

Fig 3-9  

Menkaure and a Queen,  c. 2490-2472 BC

no empty spaces

figures are touching

left foot forward to show dominance

Old Kingdom

Fig 3-10

  Seated Scribe,  Saqqara,  c. 2450-2325 BC

open spaces

natural looking

posture and body style used to show class

Old Kingdom

Fig 3-14  

Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt,  Saqqara,  c. 2450-2325 BC

hierarical scale

active poses in lower servants

intended symbolism= stil bountiful after death

Old Kingdom

Middle Kingdom

Fig 3-14

Benni Hasan Rock-Cut Tombs, Benni Hasan,  c. 1938-1756 BC

40 royal tombs

hollowed directly from cliff face

Middle Kingdom

Fig 3-13

   Head of Senusret III,  1836-1818 BC

change in portrature from old kingdom

worried look-wrinkles-no beard

more realistic/accurate

Middle Kingdom

Fig 3-16

Stele of Sculptor Userwer,  c. 1850 BC

cannon of proportions

Middle Kingdom

New Kingdom

Fig 3-18

Reconstruction Drawing Great Temple of Amun, Karnak,  c. 1579-1075 BC

peristyle court surrounded by collums

hypostyle hall filled with collums

lotis blossum and bud collums

bilatteral symetry

clerestory

axial plan

Fig 3-20

Flower and Bud Columns from Hypostyle Hall, Great Temple of Amun

papyrus capitals

New Kingdom

Fig 3-22  

Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri,  c. 1473-1458 BC

designed for funeral rites and commemorative ceremonies

not actual tomb

sweeping terraces and colonade

 New Kingdom

Fig 3-25    

Colossal Figure of Akhenaten, c. 1353-1336 BCE

monothiestic ruler believed in Aten demoting Amun

androginist almost feminine looking

 New Kingdom

Fig 3-26    

Akhenaten and His Family,  c. 1353-1336 BCE 

sunken relief

New Kingdom

Fig 3-27    

Queen Tiy,  c. 1352 BC

akhenaten's mother New Kingdom

Fig 3-28

 Nefertiti,  c. 1353-1336 BC

New Kingdom

akhenaten's wife

Fig 3-1  

Tutankhamun Funerary Mask, c. 1327 BCE

New Kingdom

gold inlayed with glass and stones

Fig 3-29  

Tutankhamun’s Inner Sarcophagus,  c. 1332-1322 BCE

New Kingdom

240 pounds of gold 

held the body of tutankhamun

Fig 3-31  

 Judgment of Hunefer before Osiris,  Book of the Dead,  c. 1285 BC

book of the dead instructions on mumification and explination of what happens to Ka after death

New Kingdom

Pg. 77      

The Rosetta Stone, 196 BC

3 registers

one in greek used to interpret the rest and lead to the furthur investigation of egypt gave birth to egyptology

New Kingdom

Aegean 

Cycladic

Fig 4-2

Figure of a Women,  Cyclades,  c. 2600-2400 BC

found in graves 

made to lay flat

subtly carved

pubic triangle

 Cycladic

Fig 4-3  

Cyclades Head,  c. 2500-2200 BC

paint possible expression of mourning

compared to Kafra statue same time period but stlistically different

 Cycladic

Fig 4-5  

 Kamares Ware Jug, Phaistos, Crete  c. 2000-1900 BC

minoan

old palace

dark clay light paint

marine

curvy and animated

Minoan

Fig 1-4

Decorated Ocher, Blombos Cave, South Africa,

 77,000 BC

paleolithic

mineral

recently found

oldest work of art

Fig 1-6

Lion-Human, Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany,  

c. 30,000-26,000 BC

paleolithic

almost a foot tall

ivory

Fig 1-7

Woman from Willendorf, Austria,

 c. 24,000 BC

exagerated female form to represent fertility.

pubic triangle

paleolithic

Fig 1-9

Woman from Brassempouy, Brassempouy, France,  

c. 30,000 BC

elegant, stylized 

ivory

paleolithic

Fig 1-10

Wall Painting with Horses, Rhinoceroses, and Aurochs, Chauvet Cave, Vallon-Pontd’Arc, France,

 c. 320000-30,000 BC

Chauvet Cave, france

The earliest known site of perhestoric cave painting

 paliolithic

Fig 1-1

Spotted Horses and Human Hands, Pech-Merle Cave, France,  c. 25,000 BC

 paleolithic

limestone

Fig 1-11

Hall of Bulls, Lascaux Cave, France,  

c. 15,000 BC

Lascaux Cave, France

most characteristic features emphasized

composite pose

paleolithic

Fig 1-12

Bird-Headed Man with Bison, Lascaux Cave,

 c. 15,000 BCE

lascaux cave, frace

stylistically different from other drawings at Lascaux

paleolithic

Fig 1-14

Bison, Le Tuc d’Audoubert, France,  

c. 13,000 BC

created my modeling

 paleolithic

Fig 1-21

Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain, England,

 c. 2900-1500 BC

megalithic

mortis-and-tenon joints

trilithon

 neolithic

Fig 2-2

Anu Ziggurat and White Temple, Uruk,

 c. 3300-3000 BC

mesopotamia

Sumerian

meeting place for humans and their gods

Fig 2-3

Uruk Vase or Carved Vessel, Iraq,

 c. 3300-3000 BC

mesopotamia

alabaster

used to tell storys

three registers

top register- goddess Inanna

Sumerian

Fig 2-4

Tel Asmar Votive Figures , Tel Asmar, Iraq,  

c. 2900-2600 BC

devotional offering to a god or deity

Sumerian

 Sumerian

Fig 2-8

Gudea Votive Statue, Girsu,  

c. 2090 BC

presents him as a strong, peaceful, pious ruler worthy of divine favor.

Sumerian

Fig 4-6    

Bull Leaping, Knossos, Crete,  c. 1550-1450 BC

exagerated

women with pinched waiste

earthy colors

gender by skin color

Minoan

Fig 4-12  

Landscape (Spring Fresco), Akrotiri, Thera,  before 1630 BCE

animated

earlyest known example of landscape

 Minoan

Fig 4-7  

 Woman or Goddess with Snakes, Knossos, Crete,  c. 1700-1550 BCE

faience-glaze

open bodiced dress

bell shapped skirt

apron

Minoan

Fig 4-9  

 Bull’s-Head Rhyton,  c. 1550-1450 BCE

gilded horns

rhyton=container for liquid

bulls prominate in minoan art

Minoan

Fig 4-10  

 Octopus Flask,  Palaikastro, Crete,   c. 1500-1450 BCE

new palace

marine style

light clay dark paint

curvy/ animated

Minoan

Fig 4-13  

 Citadel at Mycenae, Greece, site occupied c. 1600-1200 BCE

citadel=enclosed forteress

heavely walled

Mycenaean

Pp. 96-97

Lion Gate, Mycenae,  c. 1250 BCE

post and lentel

courses=layers of stone blocks

corbel stone arch

relieving arch

Mycenaean

guardian figures

Pg. 95

Mask of Agamemnon, funerary mask, Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece, 

c. 1600-1550 BC

repousse

first human attenpt to sculpt face

Mycenaean

Fig 4-18

Treasury of Atreus, tholos entrance, Mycenae,  c. 1300-1200 BCE

beehive tomb=type of tholos

post and lintle

corbel

Mycenaean

Fig 4-19  

Treasury of Atreus Corbel Vault, Mycenae,  c. 1300-1200 BCE 

largest known vaulted space of the ancient world

Mycenaean

Fig 5-2

Funerary Krater,  c. 750-700 BCE

geometric

used for wine placed over grave 

lots of geometric shapes

Geometric

Fig 5-3

Man and Centaur,  c. 750 BCE

geometric

Fig 5-9

Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy,  c. 550-540 BCE

peristyle

cella=porch

doric

Archaic

Fig 5-10

Temple of Aphaia, Aegina,  c. 500 BCE

doric

Archaic

Fig 5-16

Metropolitan Kouros,  c. 600 BCE

young greek man

placed on grave/ infront of temple

Archaic

Fig 5-17

Berliln Kore,  c. 570-560 BCE

rapid change in sculpture

Archaic

Fig 5-1

Ajax and Achilles Playing  A Game,  Exekias,  c. 540-530 BCE

black figure

Archaic

Pg. 119

Death of Sarpedon,  Euphronios,  c. 515 BCE

Archaic

Fig 5-23

Kritios Boy,  c. 480 BCE

shift in weight in legs and waist

enlayed eyes

new dirction for art

Early Classical

Fig 5-26

Riace Warrior,  c. 460-450 BCE

lost wax method

rationalism

Early Classical

Pg. 134

Spear Bearer (Doryporos), Polykleitos,  c. 450-440 BCE

polykleitos=the canon- for ideal proportions

contra pose

High Classical

Fig 5-31

The Parthenon, Kallikrates and Iktinos, Acropolis, Athens,  447-432 BCE

92 medopies

idealism

High Classical

Fig 5-33

Lapith Fighting a Centaur,  Doric frieze, Parthenon,  c. 447-432 BCE

 High Classical

Fig 5-35

Marshals and Young Women, Ionic frieze, east side, Parthenon,  c. 447-432 BCE

High Classical

Fig 5-39

Nike (Victory) Adjusting Her Sandal, Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens,  c. 410-

405 BCE 

High Classical

idealised

relief