Term
| What are the jobs/ functions of the skeletal system? |
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Definition
| Support, Protection, and red blood cell production |
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Term
| What are the parts of the long bone? |
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Definition
| distal and proximal epiphysis and the diaphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| Fever and night sweats, Headaches, Bruising or bleeding easily, Bone or joint pain, A swollen or painful belly from an enlarged spleen, Swollen lymph nodes in the armpit, neck, or groin, Getting a lot of infections, Feeling very tired or weak, Losing weight and not feeling hungry. Experts do not yet know what causes leukemia. Radiation, stem cell transplant, chemo |
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Term
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Definition
| high uric acid, NSAIDs (Examples: indomethacin, naproxen, Aleve® and Advil®), Colchicine, Steroids (Example: prednisone, pain and discomfort in the joints |
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Term
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Definition
| The causes of osteoarthritis are varied. pain in the knees hips spine fingers and other joints. weight loss exercise and diet |
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Term
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Definition
| The cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. body tissues are inflamed. There is no known cure for rheumatoid arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| The primary cause of rickets is a vitamin D deficiency. Blood tests: Serum calcium may show low levels of calcium, serum phosphorus may be low, and serum alkaline phosphatase may be high. Arterial blood gases may reveal metabolic acidosis X-rays of affected bones may show loss of calcium from bones or changes in the shape or structure of the bones. Bone biopsy is rarely performed but will confirm rickets. The treatment and prevention of rickets is known as antirachitic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Uneven musculature on one side of the spine, A rib prominence and/or a prominent shoulder blade, caused by rotation of the ribcage in thoracic scoliosis, Uneven hips/leg lengths, Slow nerve action (in some cases) |
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Term
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Definition
| Disc herniations can result from general wear and tear, The majority of herniated discs will heal themselves in about six weeks and do not require surgery, ymptoms of a herniated disc can vary depending on the location of the herniation and the types of soft tissue that become involved |
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Term
| What is arthroscopic surgery? |
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Definition
| Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure orthopaedic surgeons use to visualize, diagnose, and treat problems inside a joint. |
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Term
| Explain all steps to total knee replacement. |
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Definition
| knee incision, prepare the femur, implant the femoral component, prepare the tibia, implant the tibial component, implant platella, final implants |
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Term
| What are the 5 major parts of the skeletal system? |
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Definition
| long flat sesamoid short irregular bones |
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Term
| What are the two divisions of the skeletal system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two basic bone tissues? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are long bones classified, give examples of a few. |
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Definition
| The long bones are those that are longer than they are wide, femur and humerus |
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Term
| How are short bones classified, give examples of a few. |
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Definition
| wider than they are longer, patella |
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Term
| How are flat bones classified, give examples of a few. |
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Definition
| bones are expanded into broad, flat plates,[1] as in the cranium (skull), the ilium (pelvis), |
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Term
| How are irregular bones classified, give examples of a few. |
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Definition
| do not fit in any other class of bone, carpals and tarsals |
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Term
| Compare and Contrast diaphysis and epiphysis. |
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Definition
diaphysis is the portion of a long bone formed from a primary center of ossification.
epiphysis the expanded articular end of a long bone developed from a secondary ossification center which during the period of growth is either entirely cartilaginous or is separated from the shaft by a cartilaginours disk |
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Term
| What is the job of the periosteum? |
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Definition
| provide nourishment and protect bones |
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Term
| Someone asserts that bones are not alive. Are they? Explain. |
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Definition
| yes, they are constanly growing regrowing |
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Term
| Where is hyaline cartilage found? |
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Definition
| Hyaline cartilage exists on the ventral ends of ribs; in the larynx, trachea, and bronchi; and on the articular surface of bones. |
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Term
| What is the medullay cavity for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the job of the bone marrow, the different types, and bones they are found in? |
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Definition
| Bone marrow (Latin: medulla ossium) is the flexible tissue found in the interior of bones. In humans, bone marrow in large bones produces new blood cells. On average, bone marrow constitutes 4% of the total body mass of humans; in adults weighing 65 kg (143 lbs), bone marrow accounts for approximately 2.6 kg (5.7 lbs). The hematopoietic compartment of bone marrow produces approximately 500 billion blood cells per day, which use the bone marrow vasculature as a conduit to the body's systemic circulation.[1] |
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Term
| Explain how bone develops from the fetal shape |
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Definition
| At birth, there are over 270 bones in an infant human's body,[1] but many of these fuse together as the child grows, leaving a total of 206 separate bones in an adult. The largest bone in the human body is the femur and the smallest bones are auditory ossicles.[2] |
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Term
| Explain how bone is repaired after a break |
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Definition
| Generally bone fracture treatment consists of a doctor pushing dislocated bones back into place via relocation with or without anaesthetic, stabilizing their position, and then waiting for the bone's natural healing process to occur. |
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Term
| Name and describe the different types of bone breaks |
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Definition
| Greenstick fracture: an incomplete fracture in which the bone is bent. This type occurs most often in children. Transverse fracture: a fracture at a right angle to the bone's axis. Oblique fracture: a fracture in which the break has a curved or sloped pattern. Comminuted fracture: a fracture in which the bone fragments into several pieces. An impacted fracture is one whose ends are driven into each other. This is commonly seen in arm fractures in children and is sometimes known as a buckle fracture. Other types of fracture are pathologic fracture, caused by a disease that weakens the bones, and stress fracture, a hairline crack. Other types of fracture are pathologic fracture, caused by a disease that weakens the bones, and stress fracture. |
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Term
| Name and demonstrate the different synovial joint movements |
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Definition
| gliding, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket, compound |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What structures are associated with the joint and what are their jobs? |
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Definition
| ligaments and tendon, holding them together and fexibility |
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Term
| What are the three types of bone cells and their functions? |
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Definition
Osteoblasts - These are commonly called bone-forming cells. They secrete osteoid, which forms the bone matrix. They also begin mineralization, and are unable to divide.
Osteocytes - A mature osteoblast which no longer secretes matrix, yet is surrounded by it. Maintains metabolism, and participates in nutrient/waste exchange via blood. Unable to divide.
Osteoclasts - These function in resorption and degradation of existing bone, the opposite of osteoblasts. Monocytes (a type of white blood cell) fuse together to create these huge cells, which are concentrated in the endosteum.
Osteoprogenitors - Immature cells which differentiate to make osteoblasts. May divide.
bone-lining- quiescent osteoblasts covering the bone |
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