Term
| What are the steps of sexual unfolding (maturity)? |
|
Definition
1. realizing sexual identity + orientaiton
2. identifying sexual likes and dislikes and learning to communicate them to a partner
3. becoming responsible about sex (contraception) + developing a capacity for intimacy |
|
|
Term
| what is the median age for marriage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what % of divorced people remarry? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many times/week do couples in their 20s have sex? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes you to be attracted to another person? |
|
Definition
1. mere exposure effect: repeated exposure = greater liking
2. proximity
3. homophily: similar to us in age, race, social status, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -repeated exposure to any stimulus, including a person, leads to greater liking for that stimuli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tendency to have contact with people equal in social status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -tendency for men and women to choose as partners people who match them on social and personal characteristics |
|
|
Term
| list reasons people like each other |
|
Definition
-homophily
-mere exposure effect
-matching phenomenon
-physical attractiveness |
|
|
Term
| reinforcement theory: byrne's law of attraction |
|
Definition
| -we like people who give us rewards and dislike people who give us punishments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-sociobiological theory
-function of mating is reproduction
-men and women who selected mates according to some preferences were more successful than those who chose them based on other preferences
-successful ones produce more offspring |
|
|
Term
| adaptive problems of of reproduction |
|
Definition
-men need to identify reproductively valuable women
-younger women are more likely to be fertile than older women, leading to a preference for youth
-men are concerned about paternity... want faithful women
-physically attractive people are more likely to be fertile and healthy
-limited access to resources for females.. makes them more reliant on males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-openness, honesty, mutual self-disclosure, caring, warmth, mutually committed
-mutual self-disclosureand other kinds of verbal sharing and declarations
---committment, closeness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -involves telling your partner some personal things about yourself |
|
|
Term
| what is correlated with self-disclosure? |
|
Definition
-self disclosure leads to reciprocity. if one person self-discloses, then others do too
-self disclosure is closely related to satisfaction with the relationship
-patterns of self disclosure predicts whether couples stay together
- |
|
|
Term
| robert sternberg: triangular theory of love |
|
Definition
-3 fundamental components of love: intimacy, passion, and decision/commitment
1. intimacy: emotional component
2. passion: motivational component. physical attraction and the drive for sexual expression. physiological arousal. fades the most quickly during a long-term relationship
-decision/commitment: decision that one loves the other person. commitment to stay in the relationship.
---triangular theory: |
|
|
Term
| passionate love: 3 components |
|
Definition
-state of intense longing for union with the other person and intense physiological arousal
-three components: cognitive, emotional, arousal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
feelings of deep attachment and commitment to a person with whome oneha an intimate relationship
passionate love is first stage of romantic relationship, but shifts to companionate over time |
|
|
Term
| two-component theory of love |
|
Definition
-passionate love occurs when 2 conditions occur simultaneously:
1. person is in a state of intense physiological arousal
2. a person applies the label of "love" to what theyre experiencing |
|
|
Term
| misattribution of arousal |
|
Definition
| aroused due to other factor (like exercising) and find somebody more attractive because of it |
|
|
Term
| differences in love between individualistic and collectivist cultures |
|
Definition
individualistic: behavior is regulated by individual attitudes and cost-benefits. pick mates based on attractiveness, compatibility, and wealth
collectivist: marriages are often arranged and primary criterion for choosing mate is that they have same social status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
intent: what you mean
impact: what the other person thinks you mean |
|
|
Term
| mind reading + ways to avoid it |
|
Definition
making assumptions about what other people are thinking
ways to avoid it: use "the I language" and give and receive feedback |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
give specific examples of the issue
-dont be vague when discussing what is bothering you |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| telling your partner what you are feeling by stating your thoughts clearly, simply, and honestly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| censoring or not saying things that would be deliberately hurtful to your partner |
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of leveling? |
|
Definition
1. make communications clear
2. clear up what partners expect of each other
3. clear up what is pleasant and what is unpleasant
4. clear up what is relevant and what is irrelevant
5. notice things that draw you closer or push you apart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| repeating in your own words what you think your partner might have meant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| telling your partner that you can see why they think a certain way |
|
|
Term
| basic rules for "fighting fair" |
|
Definition
1. don't make sarcastic or insulting remarks about your partners sexual adequacy
2. don't bring up the names of former spouses, bfs, etc. to illustrate how all of these problems didn't happen with them.
3. don't try to give them a psychological diagnosis (you act this way because of this..)
4. don't threaten to tell your family
5. don't bring children into the argument
6. don't hold in anger and blow up
7. don't bring up negative issues when there isnt time to resolve it
8. don't focus on who is to blame |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -process of incorporating beliefs and customs of a new culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to get physiological measure of arousal in the males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
photometer
measures physiological arousal in females
measures vasocongestion in genitals |
|
|
Term
| Differences in pornographic films: arousal between genders |
|
Definition
1. erotic: excepts from novels giving explicit descriptions of heterosexual sex
---more arousing for both men and women, but women rated it higher
2. romantic: female-initiated was more arousing to both men and women.
3. women were sometimes not aware of their own physiological arousal. when men were aroused, they never made an error in self-reports |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-students asked about sexual attitudes
-bogus pipeline condition: hooked up to a fake polygraph...caused more honest answers |
|
|
Term
person-centered sex
vs
body-centered sex |
|
Definition
*person-centered: care more about other person. sense of attachment
*body-centered: physiological arousal andpleasure only |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unhappiness with own gender |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -gender does not match physical, but may not want gender reassignment surgery |
|
|
Term
| gynephilic vs androphilic |
|
Definition
gynephilic: sexually attracted to women
androphilic: sexually attracted to men |
|
|
Term
| what are the steps of gender reassignment surgery? |
|
Definition
1. psychological assessment
2. hormone therapy
3. person needs to live as a member of the other gender for 1-2 years
4. surgery |
|
|
Term
| reassigment surgery: woman to man |
|
Definition
-may take some forearm skin and create a penis
-metoidplasty: elongating the clitoris to look like a penis
-breast removal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pivotal moment in transsexuals' lives
being able to go somewhere without being noticed. passing off as the other gender |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elongating the clitoris for sexual reassignment surgery |
|
|
Term
| sexual reassignment surgery: man to woman |
|
Definition
| -artificial vagina, lined with penis |
|
|
Term
| possible causes of transsexualism |
|
Definition
| -prenatal development: fetus must become masculinized. if it does not, could produce somebody in a male body and female identity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-found in children as young as 2-3
-insistence that he or she is the other gender
-cross dressing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a man that became a woman. tried to participate in a tennis tournament and was told that she was not a woman and could not play |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a test of genetic sex
scraping of mouth cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -may have a normal, heterosexual life and be secretely homosexual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| out and active in the LGBT community |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-acknowledge to self that one is LGBT
-tell others
-experiment
-relationships |
|
|
Term
| 6 stages of identity development |
|
Definition
1. identity confusion: person assumes heterosexual identity because it is the norm and then realizes that they are not heterosexual
2. identity comparison: person thinks "i am homosexual" and feels alienated
3. identity tolerance: "I am probably homosexual" and seeks out homosxuals for affirmation and connections
4. identity acceptance: person can now say "I am homosexual"
5. identity pride: person thinks that homosexuals are good people and heterosexuals are not. strong identification with the gay group
6. identity synthesis: person no longer holds a "us versus them" stance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pool or whirlpool for gays to socialize and drink and have access to casual sex |
|
|
Term
| medical model of sexual orientation |
|
Definition
| -homosexuality is seen as a mental illnes that can be treated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
designed to change LGBTs into heterosexuals
ex: giving gay men shocks when they viewed slides of naked men, castration, etc
do not actually change peoples sexual orientation |
|
|
