Term
| a systemic inflammatory response to a documented or suspected infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hypotension unresponsive to fluid resuscitation along with signs of inadequate tissues perfusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs of inadequate tissue perfusion r/t septic shock |
|
Definition
| metabolic acidosis, acute encephalopathy, oliguria, coagulation disorders |
|
|
Term
| septic shock develops when _ release toxic substances that cause blood vessels to _ theryby decreasing vascular resistgance and increasing capillary permeability |
|
Definition
| pathogenic organisms, dilate |
|
|
Term
| lefe threatening organ dysfunciton caused by a dysregulated host response to infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pts who have detriorated from a state of speps to septic shock can be identified by having a _ requirement to mainatin a mean arteria pressure of _ or greater and serum lactate level greater than _ in the absence of hypovolemia |
|
Definition
| vasopressor, 65mmhg, 2mmol/L (>18mg/dL |
|
|
Term
| an acid fast aerobic bacterium that causes TB |
|
Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
|
|
Term
| TBH is spread through droplets emitted during |
|
Definition
| coughing, laughing, sneezing and singing |
|
|
Term
| drug resistant strains of TB include |
|
Definition
| multidrug resistant TB and extesnsively drug resistant tb |
|
|
Term
| those at increased risk for tb include |
|
Definition
| older adults, the economically disadvataged and holess, those with substance use disorders, children younger than 5 years, people who are immunosuppressed and some racial and thnic groups |
|
|
Term
| a patient's initial tb infection is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most people in whom primary infections develop do not acquire |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the infected tb site usually heals creating scare tissue, the lesion is callled a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tb is primarily an infection of the _ but the organisms may spread and cause infection in the _ |
|
Definition
lungs
bones, meninges, genitoruinary tract, lymph nodes, pleurae, pericardium, abdomen and endocrine glands |
|
|
Term
,
M. tuberculosis infection outside the lungs is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| s&s of pulmonary tb may include |
|
Definition
| cough, night sweats, chest pain and tightness, fatigu, anorexia, weightloss, low grade fever |
|
|
Term
| cough caused but tb is ofte _ and may produce |
|
Definition
| persisten and productive, bloody sputum |
|
|
Term
| older adults with tb may have only |
|
Definition
| vague symptoms and fever of undetemrined origin |
|
|
Term
| tby should be ocnsidered in patients who have pneumonia that does not: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the pt is set to have a positive reaction to a tuberculin skin test if a hard area of _ or more develops at the site within |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the gold standard for dianosib TB is culture on _ followed by drug susceptibility testing, this process takes _ wks |
|
Definition
| solid or liquid media, 2 to 6 |
|
|
Term
| blood tests used to diagnosis TB more quickly are |
|
Definition
| interferon gama release assays(IGRAs) |
|
|
Term
| interferon gamma release assays include the |
|
Definition
| quantiFERON-TBg gold in-tube test, quantiFERON-TB gold test, T-SPOT.TB test |
|
|
Term
| Igra results are availiabel in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IGRA does not distinguish between |
|
Definition
| active and past TB infections |
|
|
Term
| detects m. tuberculosis in respiratory secretions and etermins susceptibility ot rifampin within 2 hours, test is very expensive |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| people who have been vaccinated with _ may have a positive response to the tuberculin test even thought they have never had the disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| patients who have positive results for tb on skin tests and negative results on chest radiographs but who are at increased risk for the disease are usually treated _ to prevent development of active TB |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| latent TB is treated with _ alone daily for _ or _ weekly for _ |
|
Definition
| isoniazid, 9 months, INH with rifapentine, 3 months |
|
|
Term
| the 3 month course for treating latent TB must be administered by: |
|
Definition
| directly obsevered therapy(DOT) |
|
|
Term
| for pts with active TB the CDC recommends combintation drug terapy selected from the first lin drugs that include |
|
Definition
| INH, ehtambutol, rifampin and pyrazinamide |
|
|
Term
| an example of an initial regimen for a person with culture positive pulmonary TB is _ given _ |
|
Definition
INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide and theambutol
daily, twice weekly or 3 times weekly for 2 months |
|
|
Term
| after the initial regimen for treating a person with culture positive pulmonary tb caused by drug sensitive organisms the pt would then continue therapy with only |
|
Definition
| INH and rifampin daily on a daily, twice weekly or thrice weekly schedule |
|
|
Term
| neither _ is destroyed by _ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| decreases effective ness of some anti HIV drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DOT is recommended in the case of |
|
Definition
| pulmonary TB with positive sputum smear, treatment fialure, disease relapse, drug resistance, HIV infection, pyschiatric illness, substance abuse, meory impariment, hx of nonadherance to therapy |
|
|
Term
| gowns are unnecessary for TB pt unless |
|
Definition
| gross contamination of clothing occurs |
|
|
Term
| common adverse effects of antitubercular drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| measures that may reduce the drug's side effects include |
|
Definition
| taking it at bed time and taking antinausea drugs |
|
|
