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Definition
| Estimating a fossils age by the use of Carbon-14 or radiological evdence. Also called absolute dating. |
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| Finding the age of a fossil determined on which layer of sedimint it is on. |
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| Animal/Plant decaying in which an imprint is left in the shap of the organism. |
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| Remnents of behavior fossils like foot prints. |
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| Fossils that show the evolutionary link between groups. |
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| The study of geograpic distribution of fossils. |
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| Structures in different species that come from a common ancestor. Same structure, not same function |
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| Structures with the same function; but not the same structures. |
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| Structures with no apparent function. |
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| (1744-1829) Inheritance of Aquired Characteristics: traits araise from behavior, not genes. |
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| (1834-1914) Disproved Lamarck |
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Definition
| (1809-1882) An English naturlist who showed that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection. |
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Definition
| Is the process by which certain heritable traits—those that make it more likely for an organism to survive and successfully reproduce —become more common in a population over successive generations. |
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| Humans creating change through selective breeding. |
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| Selection of traits that helps an individual find a mate. |
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Definition
| Change of two species in association with one another. |
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| Is the creation of traits ex. wings, even if the past ancester didn't have them. |
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| Two or more similar species become more and more dissimilar. |
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Definition
| Rapid evolution of many species from a common ancestor. Ex. Finchs species found on the Galápagos Archipelago |
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Definition
| Entry or exit of alleles from a population due to immigration and emigration. |
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Definition
| Alters one allele to another allele. |
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| A random increase or decrease of alleles. When populations are small, the effects of genetic drifts con be strong. |
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Definition
| Part of the Genetic Drift; a disaster kills off a large percentage of the population, which makes the genetic structure is different then original population. |
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| Part of the Genetic Drift; a few individuals colonize a new area, alleles form basis of now population. |
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Definition
| Species are characterized by physical similarities. |
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Definition
| Individuals that can mate and produce a fertile offspring of the same species. |
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Definition
| Physical separation of members of the same species. |
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| Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium |
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Definition
| Describes frequenies of genes in a non-evolving population. |
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| Assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium |
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Definition
| Very large population size, Isolation from others, No mutations, Ramdom mating, and No natural selection. |
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| Aristotle Classification of Plants |
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Definition
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| Aristotle Classification of Animals |
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Definition
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| (1707-1778) Devised a system of grouping into hierarchical categories based entirely on their obsevable similarities and differences. |
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| Grouping and naming organisms according to their characteristics and evolutionary history. |
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Definition
| Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
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Definition
| Two word naming system, in Latin and it's the Genus and species. |
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| Evolutionary Relationships |
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Definition
| Structure, Embryology, macromolecules |
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Definition
| Non-living, non-cellular, "genomic" parasites. They are very tiny, they take over a cell and reprogram it to make more viruses. |
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| Structure of Viruses: Nuleic Acid |
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Definition
| DNA or RNA, single or double stranded, this leads to how viruses are classified. |
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Term
| Structure of Viruses: Capsid |
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Definition
| Protein coat surrounding nucleic acid. |
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| Structure of Viruses: Envelope |
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Definition
| Surrounds capsid, membrane (only in some viruses). |
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Definition
| Nucleic acid and protein coat. |
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Definition
| Viruses that attack bacteria! |
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Definition
| Replicates DNA and destroys host cell. |
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Definition
| replicates DNA while "hiding" in the host cell. |
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Definition
| Are RNA viruses that use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to make it's DNA, this causes a lot of mistakes which makes it very hard to fight because it's always changing. Ex. HIV |
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Definition
| The abity for the body to protech it's self. |
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Definition
| Disease causing microbes. |
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Definition
| Rapidy spleading disease, very contagias. |
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Definition
| An epidemic over a wide geographic area. |
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| Any substance that provelcel in immune response. |
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Definition
| Skin, Tears, Saliva, Urination |
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Definition
Histamiee- Chemical messnger, singals which blood cells.
Vasodialation- Increase blood flow to a puncture.
Phagocytes- damage cell...? |
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Definition
| Made out of bone marrow, the 3rd line of defense. |
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Definition
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| Provide immunity after occurance. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Attack Cells!! Also called Cytotoxic. |
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Term
| T-Cells: Supressor T-Cells |
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Definition
| Slow down whole immune system. |
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Definition
| Help coordinate attack of Killer cells and production of B-Cells. |
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Definition
| Densly packed tissues taht fliter patrogens from out blood, packed with white blood cells. |
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Term
| Passive Immunity (Natural) |
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Definition
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Term
| Active Immunity (Vaccine) |
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Definition
| Weakened or dead virus fragment that stimulate memory cells. |
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Term
| Three Different Shaps of Eubacteria |
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Definition
| Rod shapped- Bacillus, Round shapped- Coccus, and Spiral shapped- Spirillum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a labaratory techique to identify eubacteria by using a crystal violet stain solution. |
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Definition
| More dangerous to humans, membrane prevents entry of antiboties. |
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Definition
| Photosynthetic prokaryotes that lack chloroplasts, use photosythetle chamicals to trap sun. |
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Definition
| Where nitrogen fixation occurs, nitrogen from the atmosphere, water, or soil fix to plant in a usable form. |
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Definition
| They reproduce by binary fission. |
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