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Finding evidence that supports their theories. Step 1- Form a question. Step 2- Form a hypothesis. Step 3- Test the hypothesis. Step 4- Analyze the results. |
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| Research that is conducted for its own sake, that is, without seeking a solution to a specific problem. |
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| Private, unobservable mental processes such as sensation, perception, thought, and problem solving. |
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Founded by Wilhelm Wundt, maintains that consious experience breaks down into objective sensations and subjective feelings.
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| A scientific study of behavior and mental processes. |
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| He developed Structuralism. |
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| Saw concious events as personal to individuals. Developed behaviorism. |
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Founding father of psychoanalysis.
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Came up with introspection.
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| Help people with psychological problem such as anxiety or depression. |
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| The branch of psychology that studies the physical, cognitive, and social changes that occur throughout the life cycles |
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They use interviews and tests to identify their client's problems.
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Observe, Describe, Explain, Predict, and Control
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| Emphasizes the influence of our body of behavior. |
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People are asked to respond to a series of questions about a particular topic.
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Doesn't recieve the treatment.
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| Standards for proper and responsible behavior. |
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| A measure of how closely one thing is related to another. |
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| A part of the target population. |
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| A substance or treatment that has no effect except for a person's belief in it. |
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| Doesn't follow a group over time, but select similar sample of different ages and compare behaviors or different age groups. |
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| Researchers select a group of participants and ovserve over time; often very long. |
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| As one goes up, so does the other. |
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| As one goes up, the other goes down. |
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| An in dpeth investigation of an individual or small group. Freud liked to do this. |
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| Small fibers that branch out at the end of the axon. |
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| Produces energy that fuels the activity of the cell. |
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| Carries messages away from the cell body. |
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| Transmits sensory messages to the CNS. Activated by touch, pain, changes in temp., and changes in body position. |
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| The basic building blocks of heredity. |
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| Sympathetic Nervous System |
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| Perpares the body for the actions through the "fight-or-flight" syndrome. |
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| Slows organ and gland activity to conserve the body's energy and to refuel the body again. |
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| Lies below the thalamus. Very tiny, but extremely important. Involved in many aspects of behavior and psychological functions. |
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| Located under the cerebrum. Involved in balance and coordination. |
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| Accounts for 70% of the weight of the brain. The surface is wrinkled with ridges and valleys. |
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| A white, fatty substance that insulates and protects the axon. |
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| A sleep disorder characterized by recurring problems in falling asleep or staying asleep. |
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| A sleep disorder in which breathing is interrupted. |
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| An uncommon sleep disorder characterized by brief attacks of REM sleep, often at inopportune moments. |
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| Three Categories of Psychactive Drugs |
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Hallucinogens- distorts perception and makes you hallucinate. Depressants- reduces neural activity and slows body functions. Stimulants- increases neural activity and speeds up body fuctions. |
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| A threadlike structure in the nucleus of every living cell; it contains genes, the basic units of heredity. |
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| The genetic transmission of traits from one generation to the next. |
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| "master gland" responsible for the secretion of many different hormones that affect various aspects of behavior. |
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| Consists of glands that secrete substances called hormones into the bloodstream. |
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| Electroencephalogram (ECG) |
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| A device that records the electrical activity of the brain. |
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| A moving ring passes X-Ray beams around and through the head. |
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| Nature refers to what people inherit. Nurture refers to the environmental factors (what a person is exposed to in life). |
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| Keenness or sharpness of vision. |
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| The process of organizing and interpreting sensory info. |
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| Hearing loss caused by damage to the middle ear, thus interfering with the transmission of sound waves to the cochlea. |
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| The stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory info to the brain. |
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| Deafness that results from damage to the auditory nerve. |
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| The part of the retina that contains no photoreceptors. |
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| The tendency to perceive a complete or whole figure even when there are gaps in sensory info. |
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| A sense that provides info about the position of the body. |
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| Focused on the ralationship between experience and behavior. Came up with the 1st modern book of Psych in 1890 titled, "The Principles of Psychology". Developed Functionalism. |
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| Adaptive patterns are learned and maintained because they are successful. |
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| Perceptions are more than the sums of their parts, rather they are wholes that give meaning to their parts. |
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| Scientific study of observable behavior. Founded by John B. Watson. |
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| Researchers secretly observe people or animals in their natural habitats. |
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Hindbrain- more primative part of the brain. Midbrain- involved with vision and hearing. Forebrain- involved with personality. |
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Left Hemisphere- control language, logic, problem solving, and math. Right Hemisphere- Deals with imagination, feelings, art, and spatial relations. |
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Pupil- Opening in the eye that changes shape based on light. Also changes shape based on emotions. Lens- Adjusts to the distance of an object by changing its thickness. Rods and Cones- are photoreceptors. Retina- Takes focused light and image and acts like the film of a camera. Contains photoreceptors which carry the info to the brain via the optic nerve. |
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Auditory Nerve- Bundle of nerves carrying sand from the cochlea to the brain. Cochlea- Snail shaped structure that transmits sound impulses to the brain. |
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| Sense that tells us about the position and motion of their body and its parts. |
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