Term
mL of semen per ejaculation?
Spermatozoa / mL of semen? |
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Definition
2-5 mL semen
100-150 million spermatozoa / mL semen |
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Term
| Typical ejaculation is comprised of... |
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Definition
Mixture of cells, amino acids, sugars, salts, ions, enzymes, an organic & inorganic material
Material from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper's gland |
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Term
| Ejaculate is comprised of (percentages)... |
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Definition
60% seminal vessicle fluid
30% prostatic fluid secretions (acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen)
5% epididymous
5% bulbuorethral glands |
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Term
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Definition
Blocks spermatozoa
Still produces ejaculate with seminal vesicle fluid and prostatic fluid |
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Term
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Definition
Low sperm count
Sometimes from a pre-pubescent infection |
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Term
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Definition
No sperm
Can be caused by mumps late in life, which causes a swelling of the testes. |
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Term
| Spermatozoa: Three Regions |
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Definition
Flaggella (aka "tail") -> 55 microns in length
Head -> with acrosome (structure at front of head contining the enzyme to penetrate the egg) & DNA
Middle piece -> contains mtDNA. it falls off, which is why mtDNA is maternally inherited |
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Term
| Presumptive Tests for Semen |
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Definition
Lighting Techniques
- locating DRIED semen with UV light, argon lasers, or ALS
Colorimetric Assays
Fluorometric Assays (more sensitive) |
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Term
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Definition
Microscope Examination
Christmas Tree Stain
Laser Capture Microdissection
Identification of Prostate-specific Antigen
-Radial Immunodiffusion
- Rocket Immunoelectrophoresis
- CIE
- ELISA
- Immunochromatographic Assays |
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Term
| Which three confirmatory tests are the most sensitive? |
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Definition
CIE
ELISA
Immunochromatographic Assays |
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Term
| Confirmatory Test: Christmas Tree Stain |
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Definition
Results: tails are yellow green, middle piece is blue, anterior head is pink, and posterior is dark red or purple and appears shiny
Stains are picroindigocarmine (PIC) and nuclear fast red
Unique for sperm cells |
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Term
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Definition
Enzymes found in mammalian liver to cauliflower stains
High levels until age 40, then gradual decrease - NOT related to sperm count
Prostate AP
Present in lysosomes - optimal activity in acidic pH environment
Half-life at 37 degrees Celsius is 6 months |
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Term
| Presumptive Test: Brentamine Fast Blue Tests |
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Definition
Primary presumptive test for SAP
Reaction develops in 2 minutes - positive = intense purple color
Will react with semen diluted 500X
Method: SAP reacts with substrate yielding a product that reacts with the chromogen resulting in color change
Fresh stains = stronger color
Old stains or urine, perspiration, vaginal secretion = weaker reaction |
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Term
| Brentamine Fast Blue: Method for Stain |
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Definition
Use swab or filter aper rubbed over the stain
Drop reagent on swab or paper, positive if purple |
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Term
| Brentamine Fast Blue: Method for Swabs |
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Definition
Moist filter paper rubbed over swab
Drop reagent on paper, positive if purple |
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Term
| Brentamine Fast Blue: Method for Large Areas |
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Definition
Lay large strips of filter paper over area.
Spray with H2O nd press.
Drop reagent on paper, positive if purple. |
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Term
| Seminal Vescile Specific Antigen |
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Definition
Semenogelins I & II
igher concentration in seminal fluid than PSA
NOT found in urine, milk, or sweat |
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