Term
| Many definitions of stress: |
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Definition
-represents a change in mind, body, emotional, and spiritual state
-flight, fight, or freeze
-positive and negative events
-environmental demands and pressures
-hardship and oppression
-relaxed state, distress, eustress, neustress, eustress, chronic stress, acute stress, resilience (lecture) |
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Term
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Definition
| A kind of stress experience that is potentially good for promoting health and peak performance |
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Term
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Definition
| A kind of harmless stress |
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Term
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Definition
| the effects of events on people that are perceived as negative, sudden, and a lack of control |
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Term
| Things stress can effect: |
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Definition
-human body
-mind
-emotions
-spiritual affiliation
-self
-family
-friends
-community
-nature(biological species, flora, fauna, atmosphere, land, water, earth, rock, ect.) |
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Term
| Stress is linked to the six leading causes of death in North America, which are: |
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Definition
| 1.Heart disease 2. Cancer 3. Stroke 4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases 5. Accidents 6. Diabetes |
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Term
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Definition
the ability of an individual, family, organization, or community to
cope with adversity and adapt to challenges or change. |
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Term
| ___ can effect stress and vulnerability to stress |
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Definition
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Term
Post traumatic stress can
also come from
____ stress |
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Definition
transgenerational stress.
For example, Jewish
holocaust. |
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Term
___
is stress from one
generation to another.
Generation 1
experienced the actual
stress and Generation 2
experienced the
generational 1 continued
response to the stress. |
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Definition
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Term
| too little ___ and too much ___ can cause damage |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the process of achieving stability |
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Term
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Definition
good stressors of warmth, love, caring, and a place to
turn to help absorb stressors which can cause someone harm |
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Term
| Once danger is perceived, communication is done with hormones…then: |
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Definition
-muscle tension
-sympathetic nervous system (HPA axis)
-increase of adrenaline
-decrease cortisol & serotonin
-increase endogenous opiods
-memory impairment
-difficulty making decisions and make errors in tasks requiring concentration
-limbic system-->impulse reactor setting off fear response
-immune system shuts down
-chronic or sustained stress depleted body leading to emotional changes, physical changes, and higher chance of permanent impairment |
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Term
| The limbic system (emotional brain) which is responsible for: |
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Definition
-learning and memory, spatial orientation
-Motivation of (3 F’s), sensorimotor integration
-Important structure responsible for fear, anxiety, or emotional memory |
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Term
| The Hypothalamus controls the ___ & the ___: It is involved in organizing the bodies behavior around the 3 F’s |
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Definition
| Autonomic Nervous System and Endocrine System |
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Term
| The forebrain is responsible for the Limbic system and the Hypothalamus. It is also responsible for: |
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Definition
-control of movement
-visual, auditory, and somatosensory relay
-stress responses -feeding, drinking, rhythms
-emotions |
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Term
| The connection between stress and the immune system are ___, which are... |
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Definition
| cytokines, the chemical messengers of the immune system |
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Term
| The cytokines activate specific receptors on immune, endocrine, or neural cells. Cytokines can either increase or decrease ___ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| diseases that occur when an overactive immune system attacks the body |
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Term
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Definition
| performance, clear thinking, decision making, memory, planning, and flexibility |
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Term
| What are the 3 developmental models/ theories? |
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Definition
-developmental task theory
-transactional model of stress
-ecosystemic developmental theory |
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Term
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Definition
specific challenges that are supposed to arise at a particular stage in life
EX-progression of locomotion..scooting is a developmental task in infants that leads to crawling, then standing, walking, and running |
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Term
| the ___ theory emphasizes lifespan education, where people achieve awareness and readiness by participating in life's challenges. (regulated by dominant culture) |
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Definition
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Term
| Transactional model of stress (text definition) |
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Definition
| A psychological model that suggests that stress occurs when (a) an individual experiences a challenging life situation, (b) the person appraises the demand of the situation and his/her resources to deal with the demands, and (c) a strategy for coping is initiated |
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Term
Transactional Model of Stress (lecture):
stress is the result of a transaction between.. |
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Definition
| identifying the nature of the environmental demand, the severity of the issue, and the degree of stress reactivity |
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Term
| 3 developmental stages of the transactional model of stress: |
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Definition
A) Face a challenging event or potential threat
B) determine nature of demand and resources available
C) initiate coping strategy |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the transactional model related to cognitively assessing the demands of the situation as well as ones resources for coping with those demands |
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Term
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Definition
| one aspect of the cognitive appraisal wherein the individual estimates the degree to which a particular situation is a threat to his/her personal goal attainment |
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Term
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Definition
| one aspect of the cognitive appraisal wherein the individual estimates the degree to which he/she has the resources to cope with the demands posed by situation |
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Term
Ecosystemic Developmental Theory (lecture):
-A framework that ___, ___, ___ the norms, rules, customs, values, laws, and systems of our society
-The levels of organization are ___
-Stress and mental health are influenced by
multiple intersecting factors, including: |
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Definition
-integrates, observes, and explores
-mutually influential
•Biology through individual and social functioning
to societal
• Cultural
• Physical
• Ecological
• Historical (sociopolitical history)
-individual, family, school, community, and other contexts. |
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Term
ECOSYSTEMIC DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY
-we are __ __ in growth
-there is continual ___, ___, ___
-our prevention efforts must include: |
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Definition
-active participants
-interaction, mutual
influence, and constant change
-other systems within our life |
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Term
ECOSYSTEMIC DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY
-One’s challenges and gained resiliencies
are formed in a...
-Accounting for: |
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Definition
-relational and conditional frame of reference
– symptoms and difficulties in historical
contexts
– current cultural, political, and institutional
issues that are currently impacting us |
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Term
| How do the 3 developmental models influence each other? |
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Definition
| interacting with each other, environmental, individual, cognitive, background will influence |
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Term
| What determines the differences in individual responses to stress? |
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Definition
• Identity
– Development
– Personality
– Gender and sexual orientation
• Choices and responsibilities
• Connections and relationships
• Cultural Differences (ethnicity, socioeconomic status,
religion, values & beliefs) |
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Term
4 attachment styles:
-secure:
-anxious avoidant:
-anxious resistant:
-disorganized: |
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Definition
1. Secure: relational and independent while accepting care
2. Anxious avoidant: independent and avoidant of being
cared for
3. Anxious resistant: difficulty separating and have difficulty being cared for
4. Disorganized: disorganized and confused during
separations and nervous when being cared for, they can
also show a neutral emotional expression. |
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Term
What is the different between race and ethnicity?
• ___ is biological, can sometimes be more
seen outside, and socio-politically assigned to
people
• ___: culture who the person identifies
with, you will need to talk to them to find out
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Definition
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Term
| Do hormones effect growth? |
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Definition
| Yes, in the prenatal period, Mother’s own stress hormones will effect growth and development |
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Term
“Ayeli” is a centering technique based on Cherokee Spiritual Tradition.
-This centering technique can be used to help an
individual ...
-Purpose is to center and balance your life..
• Each Direction has its own concept
– East:
– South:
– West:
– North:
Rules of opposites: look to the east to help with your west. |
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Definition
self guide through there life balancing processes
– In values and beliefs
– Where you are and who you are
– Connection with others
– To become aware of an obstacle
– Needs for healing
– East: Connects
– South: Fun, Enjoyment
– West: Strengths
– North: Generosity |
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Term
| Development of early communication is managed from |
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Definition
| early childhood, school age (social skills, emotions, behaviors & roles), adolescence (friend/family/etc. relationships) |
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Term
Adaptive behaviors(lecture)
A series of different ___, ___, ___that people engage to create ___, ___, ___ of life’s situations. |
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Definition
-behaviors, values, and beliefs
-meaning, purpose, or control |
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Term
Adaptive behavior(lecture)
• Development of skills creates ___, ___, ___ behaviors skills
• Development can be considered adaptive.
• Our perceptions of behaviors can mess with our belief systems and attitudes for accommodation and assimilation. |
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Definition
| awareness, processing, and modifying |
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Term
Maladaptive behaviors(lecture)
Series of different behaviors, values, and beliefs that people engaged in response to an event which may create ______ |
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Definition
| long-term negative consequences. |
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Term
Adaptive behavior is a constructive adjustment in thinking and behavior to a stressor experienced by an individual, which allows him or her to ____
A maladaptive behavior is an adjustment in thinking and behavior that may temporarily reduce symptoms of stress but ____ |
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Definition
-exert more control over certain aspects of life.
-carries negative long-term consequences |
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Term
how a given individual responds to stress depends very much on how ___:
1.
2.
3.
4. |
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Definition
it is appraised
1. your previous experience in similar situations
2. the ways you typically respond
3. which coping skills are at your disposal
4. personality characteristics |
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Term
Stressors of Individual
• Personalities are all different and can change with:
• Your personality affects your ___ to stress |
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Definition
– Age
– self-awareness
– environmental circumstances
– roles we find ourselves in
– choices
vulnerability |
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Term
| As we've mentioned how a given individual responds to stress depends very much on how it is appraised. This is determined, in part, by: |
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Definition
1. your previous experience in similar situations
2. the ways you typically respond
3. which coping skills are at your disposal
4. personality characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
-acculturation
-assimilation
-intersectionality
-transgenerational
-positionality |
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Term
Stressors of culture
• acculturation:
• assimilation:
• Intersectionality:
• Transgenerational:
• Positionality:
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Definition
• acculturation
– Mutual mediation of non dominate cultures and dominate culture
• assimilation
– Dominate culture forces adoption of their values, norms, and customs
• Intersectionality
– Relationships within multiple cultural dimensions of social relationships and subject formations
– Oppression is experienced by one’s whole being in varying areas and intensities
• Transgenerational
– Different generations can pass on their values and beliefs or can be in conflict
• Positionality
– how you position yourself and how others position you |
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Term
| Culture can influence stress in 4 distinct ways: |
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Definition
1. the types of stressors experienced
2. the appraisal of those stressors
3. the choice of coping strategies
4. the institutional mechanisms for coping with stress |
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Term
Language and Attitude
How changing words you use can affect your attitude toward ___ |
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Definition
your self and others.
Currently saying:
Could, should, would statements
• I could call my family.
• I should call my friend back.
• I would have done my homework.
Keeping the status quo, past, afterwards
Try saying:
Can, want, will statements
• I will call my family.
• I want to call my friend back.
• I can do my homework.
Sense of time, present and future, actions |
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Term
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Definition
A therapeutic process of helping individuals identify self-defeating and negative thoughts, beliefs, or images and present them with more empowering and positive alternatives
done by building up a reservoir of positive self-talk or internal dialogue to deal with life's challenges |
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Term
Challenging Stressful thinking Notes from Class Discussion
___– Understanding that ‘I don’t have
it that bad’
• became aware of ___
• It’s not just you, its who you surround yourself
with – your friends influence your ___
___ - realizing there is more than
one story and understanding that applies to
individuality, knowledge, identity, happiness,
and culture. Expand the single story to
multiple stories about yourself and others.
• Believing and mental self-esteem
• Recognize and dissolve the ___
• Move into action - thoughts, language,
attitude, and actions |
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Definition
-Awfulizing
-behaviors
-reactions
-“Single Story”
-distortions |
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Term
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Definition
| The problem is redefined in such a way that it can be more readily solved |
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Term
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Definition
| an addiction to overwork that interferes with other aspects of life |
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Term
| The ___ states that it takes tremendous energy to overcome the intial inertia and resistance to start a project, but once it is started, it takes much less energy to keep moving |
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Definition
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