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SCM 111 Test 2
Test 2 defnitions
53
Other
Undergraduate 1
10/12/2008

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Term
Information literacy
Definition
the skills one needs to locate information efficiently and to evaluate what one learns
Term
Responsible knowledge
Definition
an understanding of the major feautres, issues, inormation, latest developments, and local application relevant to a topic
Term
general search engine
Definition
an internet search engine that allows you to enter a key-word and find related websites
Term
metasearch engine
Definition
a search engine that combines the results from several general serach engines
Term
subject directory
Definition
an organized list of links to web sites on specific topics
Term
invisible web
Definition
high-quality databases generally not included in the seraches conducted by general or metaserach engines
Term
Boolean search
Definition
techniques that can help one limit or expand research on the internet
Term
Advocacy Web Site
Definition
a web site whose major purpose is to change attitudes or behaviors
Term
information website
Definition
a website designed to provide factual information on a subject
Term
personal web site
Definition
a web site designed and maintained by an individual; contains whatever that person wishes to place on it
Term
accuracy
Definition
criterion for evaulation the correctness of information by checking it against other information
Term
authority
Definition
criterion for evaluating the credentials of the author
Term
objectivity
Definition
crieterion for evaluationg whether or not a source is free from bias
Term
currency
Definition
criterion for evaultaion whether or not the information on a web site is up to date
Term
coverage
Definition
criterion for evaluating the breadth of information on a topic
Term
probes
Definition
questions that ask someone being interviewed to elaborate on a response
Term
mirror question
Definition
questions that repeat part of a previous response to encourage further discussion
Term
verififer
Definition
a statement by an interviewr confirming the meaning of what has just been said by the person being interviewed
Term
reinforcer
Definition
a comment or action that encourages further communication from comeone being interviewed
Term
source cards
Definition
records kept of the author, title, place and date of publication, and page reerences for each research source
Term
information cards
Definition
reserach notes on fcts and ideas obtained from an article or book
Term
supporting materials
Definition
teh facts and figures, testimony, examples, and narratives that are the building blocks of successful speeches
Term
facts
Definition
information that can be verified by ovservation or expert testimony
Term
statistics
Definition
numerical information
Term
disinformation
Definition
deliberately false fragmented, irrelevant, or superficial information designed to influence policies or opinions
Term
definition
Definition
a translation of an unfamiliar word into understandable terms
Term
explanation
Definition
discussion that helps clarify a topic or demonstrates how a process works
Term
descriptions
Definition
word pictures that help listeners visualize what you are talking about
Term
testimony
Definition
citing the opinions or conclusions of other people or instituions to clarify, support, and strengthen a point
Term
expert testimony
Definition
offers judgements from those who are qualified by training or experience to speak as authorities on a subject
Term
reluctant testimony
Definition
highly credible form of suporting material in which sources speak against their apparent self-interest
Term
lay testimony
Definition
citing the views of ordinary people on a subject
Term
prestige testimony
Definition
citing the views of somone who is highly regarded but no necessarily an expert on a topic
Term
narrative
Definition
a story used to illustrate some important trugth
Term
embedded narrative
Definition
stories inserted within speeches that illustrate the speakers point
Term
comparison
Definition
using supporting material to point out the similarities of the unfamiliar or controversial issue to something the audience already knows or accepts
Term
use of facts
Definition
to substantiate ideas with information to ground ideas in reality
Term
use of facts
Definition
to substantiate ideas with information to ground ideas in reality
Term
use of statistics
Definition
to illustrate size, to make predicions, to demonstrate trends, to show relationships
Term
use of definition
Definition
to clarify unfamiliar or technical terms to reflect yourw ay of seeing something
Term
use of explanations
Definition
to clarify an idea or process to explain how something works
Term
use of description
Definition
to present word pictures to evoke vivid images
Term
use of expert testimony
Definition
to further substantiate ideas to verify information to support a controversial position
Term
use of lay testimony
Definition
to hmanize a topic, to present how people feel about something
Term
use of prestige testimony
Definition
to eloquently express support for your ideas to provide distinction for your speech
Term
use of examples
Definition
to arouse and sustain attention, to clarify concepts, to emphasize what is important, to aid understanding, to make a speech interesting
Term
use of narratives
Definition
to invovle listeners with your topic, to enhance identification among topic, speaker, and listeners, to make a speech interesting, to clarify abstract ideas
Term
use of comparisons
Definition
to point out similarities between ideas, to make unfamiliar ideas clearer
Term
use of contrasts
Definition
to point out differences between things to make your points stand out
Term
use of analogy
Definition
to point out similarities between things that are essentially dissimilar, to establish a frame of thinking
Term
Simplicity
Definition
suggests that a speech has a limited number of main oints and that that are short and direct
Term
Balance
Definition
suggests that the introduction, body, and conclusion recieve their proper share of the time alloted for the speech
Term
Order
Definition
a consistent pattern used to develop a speech
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