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Scientific Investigation
Scientific Method Terms
14
Science
9th Grade
08/25/2008

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Term

 Control

Definition
A group or individual that serves as a standard of comparison with another group or individual to which it is identical except for one factor.
Term
Variable
Definition
Something in an experiment that can change.  
Term

 Independent Variable

Definition
 The one factor that a scientist changes during an experiment.
Term
Constant
Definition
Something in an experiment that remains the same.
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question, must be testable.      (*An educated guess) 
Term

Analyze

Definition
A word which means to examine critically.  
Term
Observation
Definition
The use of one or more of the 5 senses to gather information.
Term
Qualitative Data
Definition
Data that is given using descriptive language such as good, better, best.
Term
Quantitative Data
Definition
Data that is given using standard units of measurement. Ex: cm, inches, ect. 
Term
Inference
Definition
A conclusion or presumption based on prior knowledge or experience.
Term
Theory
Definition
An explanation based on a hypothesis that has been tested many times.
Term
Sampling
Definition
The act of taking a fraction of substance to be tested or analyzed.
Term
Sampling Error
Definition
The variation within a sample is inversely related to the size. It is used in statistics.      *For Example: The smaller the sample, the larger the  sample error.
Term

Trials

Definition
States the number of times measurements were taken for each independent variable.
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