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Science (5th grade)
Science vocabulary
98
Science
5th Grade
08/17/2010

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Cards

Term
atmosphere
Definition

the air that surrounds Earth

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Term
troposphere
Definition

the layer of gases closest to Earth's surface

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Term
air pressure
Definition

the force put on a given area by the weight of the air above it

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Term
altitude
Definition

the height above Earth's surface

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Term
humidity
Definition

the amount of water vapor in the air

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Term
barometer
Definition

an instrument that is used to measure atmospheric pressure

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Term
convection
Definition

the transfer of heat through the movement of a gas or liquid

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Term
climate
Definition

the usual weather pattern

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Term
current
Definition

the pattern of the flow of water

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Term
weathered
Definition

changed because of being exposed to the atmospheric conditions

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Term
contaminate
Definition

to dirty or pollute

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Term
evaporation
Definition

when water changes from a liquid to a gas

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Term
reclamation
Definition

to recycle or make usable again

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Term
sublimation
Definition

the process in which matter changes from a solid directly into a gas

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Term
mass
Definition
the amount of matter (material) in an object
Term
volume
Definition
the amount of space an object takes up
Term
element
Definition

a substance that cannot be simplified any more (a pure substance)

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Term
atom
Definition

the smallest particle that has the property of an element (a pure substance)

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Term
mixture
Definition

the combination of 2 or more substances that DO NOT form a new substance (Ex:chex mix, trail mix)

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Term
solute
Definition

the part that gets dissolved (Ex: salt, sugar, powdered koolaid)

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Term
solubility
Definition
the greatest amount of solute (solid) that can be dissolved within a given amount of solvent (liquid)
Term
solvent
Definition

the part that does the dissolving (liquid) (Ex:water)

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Term
solution
Definition

a mixture whose particles are the size of atoms or molecules.  Something has been completely dissolved.

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Term
suspension
Definition

a mixture whose particles settle and separate after a few hours (Ex: Italian salad dressing)

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Term
forecast
Definition

to predict the weather

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Term
evaporation
Definition

the process of when liquid changes into vapor

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Term
water vapor
Definition

water in the form of gas (steam, fog, etc.)

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Term
condensation
Definition

the process of when water vapor changes into liquid (clouds forming)

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Term
precipitation
Definition

any rain, snow, or hail that falls

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Term
reservoir
Definition

a man-made lake that stores water for later use

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Term
aqueduct
Definition

a structure that carries large amounts of water from one place to another

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Term
conservation
Definition

the act or policy of saving or protecting something


Term
satellite
Definition

an object in space that circles around another object

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Term
gravity
Definition

the force of attraction between two object

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Term
orbit
Definition

the path an object takes as it travels around another object

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Term
matter
Definition

anything that has mass and takes up space

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Term
density
Definition

a measure of how tightly matter is packed in a given amount of space

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Term
proton
Definition

a particle in the nucleus of an atom that carries one unit of positive electric charge

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Term
neutron
Definition

a particle in the nucleus of an atom having no charge

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Term
electron
Definition

a particle in the space outside the nucleus of an atom that carries one unit of negative electric charge

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Term
molecule
Definition

a particle that contains two or more atoms joined together

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Term
periodic table
Definition

a chart that shows all of the known elements and their properties

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Term
homogeneous
Definition

made up of things that either look the same or are the same

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Term
heterogeneous
Definition

made up of things that are different

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Term
filtration
Definition

the passing of a mixture through a system that can separate small particles from larger particles (straining)

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Term
chemical reaction
Definition

a change that creates a new kind of product with different properties from the original reactants

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Term
reactant
Definition

the original substance at the beginning of a chemical reaction

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Term
product
Definition

a new substance resulting from a chemical change

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Term
reactivity
Definition

the measure of how quickly substances change during a chemical reaction

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Term
precipitate
Definition

the solid product of a chemical reaction between two liquids

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Term
conductivity
Definition

the degree to which heat or electricity flows through a substance

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Term
insulator
Definition

something that resists the flow of energy like heat or electricity

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Term
malleable
Definition

capable of being rolled or pounded into flat sheets

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Term
corrosion
Definition

the gradual weakening and wearing away of something, usually due to a chemical reaction

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Term
ductile
Definition

capable of being drawn out into a thin wire or thread

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Term
alloy
Definition
a mixture of two or more elements (usually metals)
Term
solar system
Definition

the system of objects or, or around the Sun

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Term
fusion
Definition

the smashing together of particles to create new particles

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Term
meteor
Definition

an object that crosses paths with Earth and enters Earth's atmosphere

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Term
comet
Definition

a mixture of frozen gases, ice, dust, and rock that moves in an irregular circle around the sun

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Term
asteroid
Definition

a rock that goes around the sun

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Term
moon
Definition

an object that circles around its planet

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Term
telescope
Definition

a tool used to see distant or faraway objects

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Term
star
Definition

an object in space that makes its own light and heat

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Term
tide
Definition

the rise and fall of the ocean's surface

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Term
inertia
Definition

the tendency of a moving object to continue moving in a straight line

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Term
ellipse
Definition

a curved path

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Term
weight
Definition

a measure of how strongly gravity pulls on an object

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Term
compound
Definition
a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements held together by chemical bonds that cannot be separated by physical means
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Term
cell
Definition

the smallest unit of living matter that can carry out the basic processes of life

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Term
chloroplast
Definition

green sructures inside plant cells that turn sunlight into food

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Term
organism
Definition

an individual living thing that carries out five basic life functions

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Term
tissue
Definition

a group of similar cells that work tegether to do the same job

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Term
organ
Definition

a group of tissues that work tegether to perform a specific bodily function

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Term
vascular
Definition

containing vessels that transport water and food

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Term
nonvascular
Definition

containing no plant tissue through which food or water moves

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Term
xylem
Definition

plant tissue that moves water and minerals up from the roots

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Term
phloem
Definition

the tissue in a plant that moves food down from the leaves to other parts of the plant

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Term
nucleus
Definition

the structure that controls all activity within a cell

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Term
mitochondria
Definition

structures within a cell that break down food and turn it into energy

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Term
vertebrate
Definition

an animal that has a backbone

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Term
transport systems
Definition
the four systems that work together to move materials through your body; digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and excretory
Term
respiratory system
Definition

the organ system that brings oxygen to the lungs and then to the body cells and gets rid of carbon dioxide

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Term
circulatory system
Definition

the organ system that uses the heart, blood, and blood vessels to move materials to and from the cells

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Term
excretory system
Definition

the organ system that uses the skin, lungs, and kidneys to move wastes from the body

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Term
digestive system
Definition

the organ system that uses the mouth, stomach, and small intestines to turn food into nutrients that the cells of the body can use

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Term
saliva
Definition

a watery fluid that softens and moistens food

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Term
esophagus
Definition

the long muscular tube that brings food into the stomach

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Term
stomach
Definition

a muscular organ that changes food into a thick soupy liquid

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Term
small intestine
Definition

the organ that completes digestion and allows digested food to enter the blood

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Term
large intestine
Definition

the thick tube-like organ that removes undigested waste

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Term
diaphragm
Definition

a large, flat muscle that pulls air in and pushes air out of the lungs

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Term
lung
Definition

one of two organs that fills with air when you inhale

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Term
capillary
Definition

a tiny blood vessel

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Term
alveoli
Definition

air sacs in the lungs where gases move into and out of the blood

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Term
red blood cells
Definition

the blood cell that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

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Term
vein
Definition

a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart

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Term
artery
Definition

a thick-walled blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

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