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Science Notes
To Study for at least 5min. a day for test
30
Science
8th Grade
11/04/2010

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Term
Matter
Definition
the substance or substances of which any physical object consists or is composed: the matter of which the earth is made.
Term
Mass
Definition
the quantity of matter as determined from its weight or from Newton's second law of motion.
Term
Volume
Definition
the amount of space, measured in cubic units, that an object or substance occupies.
Term
Element
Definition
a component or constituent of a whole or one of the parts into which a whole may be resolved by analysis.
Term
Atoms
Definition
the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element, consisting of a nucleus containing combinations of neutrons and protons and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus by electrical attraction; the number of protons determines the identity of the element.
Term
Protons
Definition
a positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of all atomic nuclei.
Term
Neutrons
Definition
an elementary particle having no charge, mass slightly greater than that of a proton.
Term
Electrons
Definition
an elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of matter, having a negative charge
Term
Chemical Formula
Definition
a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements.
Term
Coefficient
Definition
a number that is constant for a given substance, body, or process under certain specified conditions, serving as a measure of one of its properties.
Term
Chemical Change
Definition
any change from one state (gas, liquid, solid) which is accompanied by alteration of the chemical composition.
Term
Reactant
Definition
any substance that undergoes a chemical change in a given reaction.
Term
Product
Definition
a substance obtained from another substance through chemical change.
Term
Chemical Reaction
Definition
a process that involves changes in the structure and energy content.
Term
Synthesis Reaction
Definition
A synthesis reaction occurs when chemical reactions occur to obtain products on purpose.
Term
Decompotition Reaction
Definition
separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance.
Term
Single Replacement
Definition
A single replacement is a chemical reaction that provides oxidation-reduction.
Term
Double Replacement
Definition
A typical double replacement reaction can occur when two ionic compounds are mixed together.
Term
Exothermic Reaction
Definition
a chemical reaction accompanied by the evolution of heat.
Term
Endothermic Reaction
Definition
a chemical reaction accompanied by the absorption of heat.
Term
Mixtures
Definition
any combination or blend of different elements, kinds, qualities
Term
Solutions
Definition
the process by which a gas, liquid, or solid is dispersed homogeneously in a gas, liquid, or solid without chemical change.
Term
Density
Definition
mass per unit volume.
Term
Law Of Conservation Of Matter
Definition
a fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.
Term
Energy
Definition
the capacity to do work.
Term
Enzymes
Definition
any of various proteins, as pepsin, originating from living cells and capable of producing certain chemical changes in organic substances by catalytic action.
Term
Inhibitors
Definition
a substance that decreases the rate of or stops completely a chemical reaction.
Term
Solubility
Definition
the quality or property of being soluble.
Term
Periodic Table
Definition
a table illustrating the periodic system, in which the chemical elements, formerly arranged in the order of their atomic weights and now according to their atomic numbers, are shown in related groups.
Term
Groups (Families)
Definition
two or more atoms specifically arranged.
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