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Science final
Vocab
18
Science
9th Grade
01/05/2012

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Term
Viscosity
Definition
A substances resistance to flow.
Term
Vent
Definition
An opening In the surface of earth through which molten rock and gases release.
Term
Pyro clastic material
Definition
Volcanic rock ejected during an eruption, including ash, bombs and blocks
Term
Volcano
Definition
Mountain formed of lava and/or pyroclastic material
Term
Crater
Definition
The depression at the summit of a volcano or that which is produced by a meteorite impact
Term
Shield volcano
Definition
A broad gently sloping volcano built from fluid basaltic lavas
Term
Cinder cone
Definition
A small volcano built primarily of pyroclastic material ejected from a single area of a volcano
Term
Composite cone
Definition
A volcano composed of both lava flows and pyroclastic material
Term
Caldera
Definition
A large depression typically caused by collapse or ejection of the summit area of a volcano
Term
Pluton
Definition
An intrusive igneous structure that results from the cooling and hardening of magma beneath surface of earth
Term
Sill
Definition
A tabular igneous body formed when magma is injected along sedimentary bedding surfaces
Term
Laccolith
Definition
A massive igneous body intruded between preexisting strata
Term
Dike
Definition
A tabular shaped intrusive igneous Rick feature that occurs when magma is injected into fractures in the surrounding rock, cutting across preexisting rock layers
Term
Batholith
Definition
A large mass of igneous rock that formed when magma intruded at depth became crystallized and subsequently was exposed by erosion; they have a surface exposure greater than 100 sq km
Term
Geothermal gradient
Definition
Gradual increase in temp with depth in the crust; average is 30 degrees Celsius per km in upper crust
Term
Decompression melting
Definition
Melting due to a drop in confining pressure that occurs as rock rises
Term
Intraplate volcanism
Definition
Igneous activity that occurs within a tectonic plate away from plate boundaries
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