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| the smallest living unit of an organism |
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- All living things are made up of cells
- All cells come from other cells
- Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. |
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| in 1665 saw cork with a microscope and saw cells. Called them this way because they reminded him of monastery's rooms called cells. |
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| Observed pond water and his mouth. Saw living things there and seemed to be everywhere. (bacteria) |
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| 1838. Concluded all plants are made of cells. |
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| 1839. Stated all animals are made of cells |
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| 1855. Concluded cells come from cells (suggestion made by Lorenz Oken 50 years earlier). |
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| Tool to enlarge an image of something tiny. Use lenses to magnify by focusing light or electrons. |
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| Compound Light Microscope |
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allows light to pass through 2 lenses to form an image.
lense 1: objective lense, above specimen and enlarges it.
Lense 2: ocular lense, magnifies more. |
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| Use beams of electrons and is used to see cells. Beams only pass through thin samples. |
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| Electron microscope that makes able to explore cell structure and large protein molecules. Cells must be cut into thin slices. |
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| Electron microscope that scans a pencil-like beam of electrons. The image is formed in the specimen's surface so the cell doesn't need to be cut. |
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| photo of an object seen through a microscope. |
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thin flexible barrier that controls what comes in and out of the cell.
*BOTH |
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large membrane structure that contains the DNA and controls all the cell's activities.
*BOTH |
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| all cells that enclose their DNA in the nucleus. |
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| cells that don't enclose DNA in a nucleus (bacteria).Dont have organelles. |
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Store materials like water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates.
*BOTH |
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Break down lipids, carbohydrates and proteins into small molecules. Also break down organelles that are useless.
*BOTH |
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Keep cell's shape, move cell parts and help the cell move.
*BOTH |
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Organize cell division
*ANIMAL |
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Synthesize and produce proteins
*BOTH |
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Stores and creates proteins
*BOTH |
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Stores and creates lipids
*BOTH |
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modify, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport
*BOTH |
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Convert solar energy to chemical energy stored in food (contain chlorophyl)
*PLANT |
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Convert chemical energy into food (per plant of the cell)
*BOTH |
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Portion outside the nucleus that works with it in the business of life.
*BOTH |
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Structures that act as "tiny organs" of the cell.
*EUKARYOTIC |
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Small dense region where the assembly of ribosomes begins.
*BOTH |
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| Threadlike structures made up of actin. Form extensive networks in some cells and produce a tough network to support it. |
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| Structures made up of proteins known as tubules. Maintain cell shapes, cell division where they form a structure called mitotic spindle to separate chromosomes. Build flagella and cilia. |
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Supports, gives shape and protects the cell.
*PLANT |
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gives cell membranes a flexible structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings.
*BOTH |
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| arm like structure that helps the cell move and catch prey. |
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| Tail like structure that helps the cell move |
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| Hairlike structures that allow cells to stick in surfaces |
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| separates DNA from cytoplasm. Has pores to allow some materials to enter |
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