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SCI Chapter 3
Rocks and Minerals
19
Science
4th Grade
01/16/2011

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Term
minerals
Definition
natural, nonliving substances that make up rocks
Term
luster
Definition
way light reflects off the surface of a mineral
Term
cleavage
Definition
way a mineral splits
Term
streak
Definition
color of a powder left when a mineral is scratched along a white tile called a streak plate
Term
hardness
Definition
property that refers to a mineral's ability to scratch or be scratched by another mineral
Term
ores
Definition
rocks that are mined because they contain useful minerals
Term
magma
Definition
melted rock below the Earth's surface
Term
lava
Definition
melted rock that reaches the Earth's surface
Term
igneous rocks
Definition
rocks that form melted rock
Term
intrusive
Definition
below the Earth's surface
Term
extrusive
Definition
above the Earth's surface
Term
sediments
Definition
tiny particles such as bits of rocks and minerals, and plants, bones, shells, or other animal materials
Term
sedimentary rocks
Definition
rocks that form from sediments that become pressed together in layers
Term
fossils
Definition
remains of animals or plants from long ago
Term
conglomerate
Definition
rocks formed from other rocks lumped together
Term
pressure
Definition
force that can squeeze rocks together
Term
metamorphic rocks
Definition
rocks formed from other rocks by extreme heat and pressure deep inside Earth
Term
geologist
Definition
scientist who studies Earth's history by examining and identifying rocks
Term
rock cycle
Definition
cycle by which rocks change from one form to another
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