Term
| What do most salivary gland diseases effect or arise from? |
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Definition
| the ductal and secretory components |
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Term
| Where do salivary glands come from? Where do they go? |
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Definition
-are of ectoderm origin
-Penetrate the submucosa as tubular invaginations, then differentiate in to end bulbs |
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Term
| What type of cells make up salivary glands? |
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Definition
| Cells are acinar (secretory)and surrounded by contractile myoepithelial cells |
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Term
| What does duct blockage or severance lead to? |
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Definition
| pooling of saliva in the tissue, can also lead to mild, chronic inflammation and fibrosis or sclerosis |
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Term
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Definition
| comes and goes, Trauma causing severing of a minor salivary gland duct, Secretions spill into adjacent CT |
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Term
| What happens with a mucocele? |
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Definition
-Inflammatory response followed by repair with granulation tissue
-Forms a “cyst like” structure |
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Term
| What does a mucocele appear like clinically? Treatment? |
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Definition
-Clinically appears as a swelling that often increases and decreases over time, near surface it looks clear, if deeper down in tissues it is tissue color
-Treatment –surgical removal |
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Term
| What is a Ranula? Which salivary gland is severed? |
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Definition
-Term used for a mucocele-like lesion
-Duct severed associated with either the sublingual or submandibular glands |
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Term
| Where do ranulas form? What is the treatment? |
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Definition
-forms unilaterally on the floor of the mouth
-Treatment –surgical removal |
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Term
| What is a Mucous Retention Cyst? What does it result in? |
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Definition
-Swelling caused by an obstruction of a salivary gland duct
-Results in an epithelial lined cavity filled with mucous |
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Term
| What is the stone called that causes the obstruction of a salivary gland? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do Mucous Retention Cyst look like clinically? What is the treatment? |
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Definition
-Clinically resembles a mucocele
-Treatment -removal |
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Term
| What is sialadentis? What can prolonged blocking lead to? |
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Definition
-Development of salivary stones lead to blockage
-prolonged blocking can lead to necrosis |
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Term
| Are salivary stones associated with hypercalcemia? |
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Definition
| Believed that salivary stones are not associated with hypercalcemia but a congealing of mucin, proteins, and desquamated ductal cells that then allow calcium salts to deposit on it |
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Term
| What do glands with sialadintis more susceptible to? Is there pain associated? |
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Definition
-Gland becomes susceptible to bacterial infections
-Pain and swelling, more pronounced at mealtime |
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Term
| What is the treatment is sialadentis? |
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Definition
| manual manipulation of sialolith, surgical removal, or if acute infection: incise and drain along with antibiotics, before surgical removal |
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Term
| Where does sialadentis most commonly form in major glands? |
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Definition
-submandibular gland 73%
-parotid 23%
-sublingual 4% |
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Term
| What are salivary gland tumors? How many arise in major glands? Minor? |
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Definition
-Arise from epithelium of the glands or from connective tissue supporting the gland
-70% major glands, 30% minor glands |
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Term
| What are benign salivary gland tumors called? What about malignant? |
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Definition
-benign are called “adenoma” since originated in a gland
-malignant called "adenocarcinoma” |
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Term
| Where do most benign salivary gland tumors arise? Malignant? |
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Definition
Benign- 70& parotid, 60% sub mandibular
Malignant- 70% sublinual, 40% sub mand |
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Term
| What is Pleomorphic Adenoma? |
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Definition
-benign mixed tumor
-Most common salivary gland tumor
-Accounts for around 90% of all benign salivary gland tumors |
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Term
| Why are Pleomorphic AdenomaBenign Mixed Tumors called mixed? What cells are involved? How do these grow? |
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Definition
-Called “Mixed” because see epithelium and connective tissue
-Proliferation of the myoepithelial cells
-Slow growth, soft to palpation, movable |
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Term
| What is the most and least common site for Pleomorphic Adenoma Benign Mixed Tumors? |
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Definition
-Most common major gland site, Parotid
-Most common minor gland site, Palate |
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Term
| What is the treatment of Pleomorphic Adenoma Benign Mixed Tumors? How do they grow? Is recurrence common? |
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Definition
-Treatment -surgical removal with a margin of normal tissue
-Grows by extension, recurrences are common |
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Term
| What do the reoccurring lesions of Pleomorphic Adenoma Benign Mixed Tumors become? |
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Definition
-Recurring lesions or those present for years can become lobulated
-Neoplastic cells can develop in the lesion, especially those that have recurred |
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Term
| What are Pleomorphic Adenoma Benign Mixed Tumors called when they have reoccurred and neoplastic cells develop in the lesion? |
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Definition
| Now called a Malignant Pleomorphic Adenoma or Malignant Mixed Tumor |
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Term
| What cell type are Monomorphic Adenomas composed of? Where are they commonly found? |
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Definition
| Composed of a single epithelial cell type, most common site is the parotid |
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Term
| What are some types of Monomorphic Adenomas? |
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Definition
Basal cell adenoma-Basal cells in sheets or nests
–Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin tumor)- Lymphoid and epithelial cells seen but only the epithelial cells are neolastic
–Oncocytoma- clusters of Oncocytes (cytoplasm filled with mitochondria |
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Term
| What are some common types of carcinomas? |
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Definition
-Adenoid cystic carcinoma (Cylindroma)
-Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
-Acinic cell carcinoma
-Adenocarcinoma |
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Term
| What is Adenoid cystic carcinoma (Cylindroma)? |
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Definition
| Ductal epithelium forms “tubular” structures that look like cylinders |
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Term
| What cells are seen with Mucoepidermoid carcinoma? |
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Definition
| Epithelium and mucus-secreting cells seen |
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Term
| What cells are seen with Acinic cell carcinoma? What is its growth rate? |
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Definition
| Serous or mucous acinar cells seen, slow growing |
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Term
| What is a Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma? Where is the most common intraoral place to have it? Extraoral? |
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Definition
-A slow-growing malignant tumor
-Most common intraoral site is the palate
-Most common extraoral site is the parotid |
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Term
| What is the growth rate of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma? Where are the most common places to get it? |
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Definition
-Slow-growing
-Most common site is the parotid, most common intraoral site is the palate
-May occur centrally within bone |
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