Term
| Diabetes Mellitus clinical signs |
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Definition
- PU/PD
-Polyphagia
- Weight loss
- Persistent fasting hyperglycemia
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (ketonuria, metabolic acidosis) |
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Term
|
Definition
Catecholamines
Cortisol
Growth Hormone
Dopamine
Thyroxine |
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Term
| What do diabetogenic hormones do? |
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Definition
| Enhance lipolysis and thus production of FFAs, which leads to more Ketones |
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Term
| Brain, muscle, and kideny |
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Definition
| -ketones metabolized by conversion to acetyl-CoA and incorporation into the TCA |
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Term
| eLIMINATION OF ACETOACETATE THROUGH THE LUNGS |
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Definition
| Converted to Acetone and breathed out |
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Term
| Temperature of baby puppies at birth, after 2-3 weeks, by 4 weeks? |
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Definition
96-97, increases after 1-2 weeks,
100 by 4 weeks |
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Term
| Should puppies and kittens be warmed up prior to 4 weeks? |
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Definition
| If they are within normal range of 96-97 F, do not warm them up |
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Term
| Weight gain of pups and kittens? |
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Definition
| Puppies gain 2-4 g/kg/day of adult weight, kittens gain 10-15 gm per day |
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Term
| Critical group of pups and kittens? |
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Definition
lost >10% weight after birth
W/O SUPPORTIVE CARE, THIS GROUP WILL DIE
NEONATES ARE 75% WATER
NON-CORNIFIED SKIN
CAN'T CONC. URINE WELL (CAN'T USE SKIN TURGOR TO EVALUATE HYDRATION) |
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Term
| Eyes of kittens and pups? |
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Definition
open 10-14 days
Iris is blue-grey
Menace reflex by 3 weeks
PLR by 1-21 days
normal vision by 3-4 weeks
STT normal by 2 days
Observe for discharge, discoloration |
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Term
|
Definition
poor hearing at birth
Canals open 4-16 days
Exam for mites, yeast and bacteria
BAER test-most reliable 4-6 weeks |
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Term
|
Definition
Patency - glass slide or mirror
Obstructions
Discharge |
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Term
|
Definition
-cleft palate
-aniomalies of the tongue
-FB
-Teeth eruption 3-4 weeks
Malocclusions |
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Term
|
Definition
-swellings of LNs
-Left side swollen (megesophagus) |
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Term
|
Definition
Palpate entire thorax and long bones
Ribs, sternum,
Auscult lungs (small amt of movement) |
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Term
|
Definition
LOW BP, Stroke Volume, Vascular resistance
Increased cardiac output, CVP
Regular sinus rythm (no breath responsive)
L Apex 5-6 IC space
L Base 3-4 IC space
If murmors due to congenital problems exist, they are VERY LOUD
If murmur present, reassess at >3 months |
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Term
| Is Atropine helpful to small puppies and kittens? |
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Definition
| due to minimal response to vagal stimulation, it is better to give O2, not Atropine. |
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Term
|
Definition
cranial to caudal
one handed exam (stomach, liver if large)
kidney
intestines
bladder |
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Term
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Definition
Postural reactions
developed at 6-8 weeks
righting response
visual placing 2-3 weeks
wlaking 3-4 weeks, good at it at 6 weeks |
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Term
|
Definition
different for the first 4 months (PCV 42, USG 1018)
rADIOGRAPHY (MODIFY TECHNIQUE TO High digital intensifying screen and decrease KVP to 1/2 of the adult at the same thickness)
US (Good, but need an appropriately sized transducer) |
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Term
|
Definition
begin solid food @ 4 weeks (kittens) @ 3 weeks (pups)
Start with gruel=1:3 dry to water or 2:1 canned to water and let them get messy
Wean 5-8 weeks (kittens)
5-7 weeks for pups
Provide good quality growth formula |
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Term
| What if a baby is orphaned? |
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Definition
foster mother is the best
eat, sleep, eliminate
ambient temperature 86-90 for 1 week
gradually decrease temp over next 3 weeks to 75 F
Avoid sudden changes
Feed in equal portions, warm
Check weight daily, k
keep equipment clean |
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Term
| Signs of possible sepsis? |
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Definition
sudden death
crying, restles, weak
dehydration, hypothermia
diarrhea, altered resp. rhythm, cyanosis |
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