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-TCA
-blocks NE and 5HT *like SNRI but also blocks ANS and histamine
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MAO inhibitor
-given for PARKINSON'S
-given in PATCH form
**does NOT have adverse TYRAMINE EFFECT with risk of HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS |
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ATYPICAL antiD
NE and Dopamine re-uptake inhibitor
-used for DEPRESSION (adjuvant therapy)
-used for SMOKING CESSATION **good because it can also cause weight loss--> worry of some that quit smoking
-lower sexual dysfunction than some SSRIs
-no CARDIAC effects |
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ATYPICAL anti D
-postsynaptic ALPHA 2 receptor agonist--> increased 5HT and NE-->also blocks auto receptor further increasing
-second line drug because is more involved, gives way to simpler drugs
-can be used as an ANTIEMETIC drug |
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| -can cause SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION |
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SNRI
-possible efficacy to side effects ratio problem |
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SNRI
-good efficacy, relatively safe to use |
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Term
antidepressant effects on:
5HT
NE
BDNF
Glucocorticoids |
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Definition
5HT, BDNF, NE all increase
Glucocorticoids decreases |
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Term
| how to GENETICS and EARLY ADVERSE LIFE EVENTS increase susceptibility to depression later in life? |
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Definition
the combination can increase the bodies tendency to release CRF (cortisol)
-current life stress --> high glucocoritcoid levels-->lower MONOAMINIES and BDNF-->anxiety and depression |
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Term
| relationship between DEPRESSION and PAIN |
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Definition
| depression increases pain sensation |
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| relationship between INFLAMMATION and DEPRESSION |
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Definition
| inflammation can contribute to depression |
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-depression
-GAD, social anxiety
-OCD
-panic disorder
-PTSD |
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Definition
-third line antidepressants-->not used in children or elderly
-block reuptake of 5HT, NE, dopamine
-also have antihistamine, muscarinic, and alpha 1 effects
-mixing TCAs with other antidepressants can lead to SEROTONIN SYNDROME, HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS and ARRHYTHMIAS
***CAN BE LETHAL IS OVERDOSED*** |
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| how do MAO inhibitors increase likelihood of HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS |
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Definition
| MAOa breaks down TYRAMINE (cheese and wine)--> increase in NE which causes hypertensive crisis |
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Term
| effect of antidepressants on AUTORECEPTORS? |
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Definition
| they act to DOWNREGULATE autoreceptors which INCREASES MONOAMINE in the synapse |
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| **cant overdose on SSRIs** |
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| ***grapefruit juice INHIBITS p450 system*** |
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| signs of SEROTONIN SYNDROME? |
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Definition
*CLONUS*
-tremor
-agitation
-increased bowel sounds
-tachycardia
-mydriasis (excess dilation) |
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activating drugs-->not depressing
-insomnia
-nausea
-weight gain
-cyp 450 INHIBITOR
-sexual side effects |
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Definition
| same as SSRIs but can be more pronounced |
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