Term
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Definition
S - Skin
C - subcutaneous Connective tissue
A - Aponeurosis
L - Loose areolar c.t.
P - Pericranium |
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Term
| pain sensation in brain (2 regions) |
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Definition
Dura mater (anterior by trigeminal, posterior by vagus and 2nd & 3rd cervical nerves)
proximal portions of blood vessels @ base of brain |
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Term
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Definition
space in pia mater around blood vessels (perivascular space)
route for movement of extracellular fluid
may be continuous w/ lymphatics |
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Term
| Difference betw cranial & spinal meninges |
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Definition
Cranial: Dura has 2 layers (periostial & meningial)
potential epidural space in cranial meninges (hemorage - blood accumulates)
in spine always an epidural (fat filled) space (epidural anestesia) |
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Term
primary blood supply of meninges
subdural & epidural hematomas cause by what? |
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Definition
middle meningeal a. comes thru foramen spinosum & runs in epidural space.
middle meningeal artery - epidural hematoma
bridging veins - subdural hematoma |
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Term
| communicating vs. non-comm hydrocephalus |
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Definition
non communicating - when the CSF doesn't comm. with subarachnoid space (only stay in ventricles)
Communicating - outflow fr. subarachnoid space to venous sinuses is obstructed (not taken up due to insufficient venous drainage, overproduction of CSF, uptake prevented) |
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Term
| what are circumventricular organs? |
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Definition
| organs in the brain that are outside BBB like the pineal gland, pituitary gland, area postrema |
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Term
CSF - if blood detected
name 3 other indications |
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Definition
due to hemorage somewhere
more RBC's, higher pressure, more proteins in CSF |
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Term
| in CSF what indicates bacterial infection? |
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Definition
| high WBC count, lower glucose, cloudy color, positive gram stain for organisms |
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Term
| in CSF what indicated viral infection? |
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Definition
| high WBC count, sterile/virus detected by microbio test. |
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Term
| in CSF what indicates TB? |
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Definition
| high WBC, increased protein, microbio positive test for TB test (Ziehl-Nielson/auramine stain) |
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Term
choroid plexus
where found?
3 layers?
what % of CSF produce? where the rest?
path of CSF |
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Definition
in medial wall lateral ventricles, in roof of 3rd & 4th ventricles
1.endothelial (w/ fenestrations) 2.pial membrane 3.epithelial layer (tight junctions)
70%, other 30% excreted by brain parenchyma
path: lateral ventricle -> interventricular foramina (of monroe) -> 3rd ventricle -> cerebral aqueduct (of sylvius) -> 4th ventricle -> foramina of megendie & luschka -> subarachnoid space. taken back up by arachnoid villi. |
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