Term
|
Definition
| the way a society is organized into predictable relationships |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a social position that a person attains |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| status that dominates others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (max weber) people who share the same lifestyle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small group chracterized by intimate, face to face association |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formal, impersonal group with little social intimacy or mutual understanding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any group that individuals use as a standard to evaluate themselves and their behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carried out by authorized agents such as police officers, judges, school administrators, and employers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carried out by ordinary people through means of laughter smiles, and ridicule |
|
|
Term
| bureaucratic organization |
|
Definition
| 1) division of labor 2)heirarchy of authority 3) rules and regulations 4) employment based on technical skills 5) impersonality |
|
|
Term
| social disorganization theory |
|
Definition
| crime and deviance are caused by the absence or breakdown of communal relationships and social institutions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attempts to explain why certain people are viewed as deviants while others engaged in the same behavior are not |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assumes that social behavior is best understood in terms of tension between groups over power or the allocation of resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Karl Marx's term for a capital class, compromising the owners of the means of production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Karl Marx's term for the working class in a capitalist society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a measure of social class that is based on income, education, and occupation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement of individuals from one position in a society's stratification system to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an unreliable generalization about all members of a group that does not recognize individual differences within the group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subordinate group whos members have significantly less control or power over their own lives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group set apart from others because of physical differences that have taken on social significance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group that is set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process through which a person forsakes his or her own cultural tradition to become part of a different culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mutual respect for one another's cultures among the various groups in a society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the physical seperation of two groups of people in terms of residence workplace or social events |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process through which a majority group and a minority group combine to form a new group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a negative attitude toward an entire category of people |
|
|
Term
| institutional discrimination |
|
Definition
| the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of a society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| possitive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expectations reguarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| invisible barrior that blocks the promotion of a qualified individual in a work environment because of the individual's gender, race, or ethnicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a trend in which women constitute an increase proportion of the poor people of the US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a hereditary rank usually religiously dictated that tends to be fixed and immoble |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system of stratification under which peasants were required to work land leased to them by nobles in exchange for military protection and other services. AKA feudalism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influence social mobility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the mode of thinking that happens when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
believed that class differentiation is the crucial determinated of social, economic and political inequality
-marx viewed class struggles as the result of the conflict between owners and workers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
weber thought no single characteristic (like class) defined a person's position within the strat-system
-saw 3 components of stratification 1) class 2) status 3) power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the social process in which boys learn to act the way boys are supposed to act and girls learn how they are supposed to act |
|
|
Term
| major characteristics of a bureaucracy |
|
Definition
1) division of labor
2) heirarchy of authority
3) written rules and regulations
4) impersonality
5) employment based on technical qualifications |
|
|
Term
| differences between the uniform crime report UCR and the national crime victimization survey NCVS? |
|
Definition
NCVS is a more accurate portrayal of crime statistics and victimless crimes
UCR crimes against persons, murder assault etc. |
|
|
Term
| define the various types of social mobility |
|
Definition
horizontal mobility- changing one position to another in the same rank (airplane pilot - police officer)
vertical mobility - changing from one position to another from a different rank ( pilot - lawyer)
intergenerational mobility - changes in a social position of children relative to their parents
intragenerational mobility - change in social position within a person's adult life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
MICRO
1)individual being socialized
2) connected to society
3) groups (small,large)
4) communities
5) society
MACRO |
|
|
