Quartz Arenite Sandstone (with red hematite) Clastic

darker version of quartz arenite sandstone due to hematite

Quartz Arenite Sandstone, Clastic

generally light colored

Arkose Sandstone

Clastic

Includes quartz and K feldspar

Fossilferous limestone

Biochemical

Made up of carbonate mud, shell fragments

Oolitic Limestone

Biochemical

Reacts to dilute hcl

Chent

Biochemical

Made up of organically derived microcrystalline quartz

Lignite

Biochemical

thinly layered, muddy rock with some fossil impressions of twigs and leaves

Bituminous coal

Biochemical

Shiny black with layering, made up of organic carbon

Breccia

Clastic

Easily recognizable grains, angular pebbles of rock fragments

Siltstone

Clastic

Small, well sorted grains of unknown shape. Made of mostly clay

Conglomerate

Clastic

Poor sorting mostly of rounded quartz pebbles

Greywacke sandstone

Clastic

small grains poorly sorted rock fragments

Mudstone

Clastic

no visible grains, made up of clay minerals and breaks into chunks

Coquina

Biochemical

Constists mostly of shell fragments, very light in weigh and color

Shale

Clastic

Made up of clay, thin layers breaks easily

Dolostone

Biochemical

Made up of mainly dolomite, reacts to hcl when scratched or powdered 

Pumice

Felsic

Glassy

Volcanic

Diorite

Intermediate

Pegmatic

Plutonic

40% ca feldspar, 40% na feldspar biotite hornblende

Pegmatite

Felsic

Pegmatic

Plutonic

45% quartz, 30% na feldspar muscovite hornblende

Granite

Felsic

Phaneretic

Plutonic

30% na feldspar, 45% k feldspar, quartz and biotite

Scoria

Mafic

Vesicular Aphanatic

Volcanic

Obsidian

Mafic

Glassy

Volcanic

Basalt amygdaloidal

Mafic

Volcanic

Gabbro

Mafic

Phaneretic

Plutonic

45% pyroxene

45% Ca feldspar

Andesite

Intermediate

Porhyritic Aaphanatic

Volcanic

Syanite

Felsic

Pegmatic

Plutonic

30% no feldspar biotite, 45% k feldspar, muscovite

Basalt

Mafic

Aphanatic

Volcanic

Rhyolite

Felsic

Aphanatic

Volcanic

Granite porphyritic

Felsic

Plutonic

45% Na feldspar, some K feldspar and some quartz

Trachyte

Porphyritic Aphantic

Intermediate

Volcanic

Basalt vesicular

Mafic

Volcanic

Rhyolitic Tuff

Pyroclastic

Volcanic

Felsic

Slate

Metamorphic

slaty foliation and dull luster

Phyllite

Metamorphic

wavy phyllitic foliation and satiny luster

usually silvery gray

Biotite schist

Metamorphic

dark colored schist contains biotite, with musocivte quartz and feldspar

Muscovite Schist

Metamorphic

silvery white 

contains musocivte with quartz and feldspar

Marble

Metamorphic

usually light colored consisting of calcite or dolomite crystals

Feldspathic Gneiss

Metamorphic

alternating bands of feldspar and biotite or hornblende with quartz

feldspar may dominate color

Greenschist 

Metamorphic

contains chlorite with biotitie quartz and feldspar

Blueschist

Metamorphic

blue amphibole and musocivte with quartz and feldspar

Granitic gneiss

Metamorphic

Granite with bitotie and or hornblende with quartz

Amphibolite (Hornblende gneiss)

Metamorphic

Dark oriented hornblende crystals with quartz biotite and feldspar

Hornblende schist

Metamorphic

Fine grained, schistose rock thats dark with hornblende and quartz

Hornfels

Metamorphic

Dull, dark colored containing micro crystals of quartz

Quartzite

Metamorphic

consitsts mostly of quartz

Soapstone

Metamorphic

consists mostly of talc

Serpentinite

Metamorphic

light to dark green, consisting of serpentine with quartz

Eclogite

Metamorphic

Usually darg green with pyroxene and garnet

Anthracite coal

Metamorphic

Shiny black

Made up of entirely carbon