Term
|
Definition
| Binds to antithrombin III (AT-III) increasing its rate of binding to thrombin (factor 2a) and factor 10a by 1000X. AT-III binds irreversibly with Arg-Ser bond, heparin can go on to activate other AT-III. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
IV for immediate effect or SC (rarely). Not given IM because of hematomas. Not absorbed orally.
Can be used in pregnancy. Used to prevent coagulation in test tubes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prevent thrombus formation, especially while waiting for oral drugs to take effect.
Adjunct to therapy for myocardial problems or during surgery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Have lost the segment of molecule needed to bind to 2a, so inhibits 10a more.
Require less monitoring. Factor 4 binds less to LMWH and not to fondaparinux. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SC but not IM or IV, more predictable absorption and slower degradation than heparin.
Administered less frequently than heparin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vitamin K is involved in the carboxylation of glutamate residues in coagulation factors (factors 2, 7, 9, 10, proteins C and S). This is needed for the binding of calcium ion.
This requires CO2, O2 and reduced vit K which becomes oxidized during this process. Vitamin K must then be reduced, warfarin inhibits this step causing decreased production of coagulation factors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ADP acts at two purinergic receptors on platelet membrane to help initiate aggregation P2Y1 and P2Y12.
P2Y1 coupled to Gqa and causes phospholipase activation.
P2Y12 coupled to Gia which inhibits activity of adenylyl cyclase and decreases cyclic AMP. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CHF
HO HTN
Age>/=75
DM
Stroke/TIA 2
0-ASA
1-ASA or OAC
2-OAC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hemorrhage.
Hemorrhagic skin necrosis, rare complication that affects the microvasculature of extremities.
Teratogenesis, fetal structural defects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bleeding and thrombocytopenia are less frequent than UFH.
Can be partially reversed by protamine, but the activity of fondaparinux is not affected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2C9
metronidazole and cotrimoxazole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1A2 & 3A4
omeprazole and cimetidine |
|
|
