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| exaggeration beyond belief |
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| a character who undergoes change through the course of the story |
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| story with literal and symbolic meaning |
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| Repeating a consonant sound in close proximity to others, or beginning several words with the same vowel sound. |
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| A casual reference in literature to a person, place, event, or another passage of literature, often without explicit identification. |
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| The intentional repetition of beginning clauses in order to create an artistic effect. |
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| the enemy of the main character |
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| refers to an artistic arrangement of a list of items so that they appear in a sequence of increasing importance. |
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| The moment in a play, novel, short story, or narrative poem at which the crisis reaches its point of greatest intensity and is thereafter resolved. |
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| A literary scheme involving a specific inversion of word order. It involves taking parallelism and deliberately turning it inside out, creating a "crisscross" pattern. |
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| added problem to the conflict |
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| The language of a particular district, class, or group of persons. It encompasses the sounds, spelling, grammar, and diction employed by a specific people as distinguished from other persons either geographically or socially |
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| The lines spoken by a character or characters in a play, essay, story, or novel, especially a conversation between two characters, or a literary work that takes the form of such a characterization. |
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| The choice of a particular word as opposed to others. A writer could call a rock formation by many words--a stone, a boulder, an outcropping, a pile of rocks, a cairn, a mound, or even an "anomalous geological feature." The analytical reader then faces tough questions. |
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| an author or poet's use of description, dialogue, dialect, and action to create in the reader an emotional or intellectual reaction to a character or to make the character more vivid and realistic. |
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Verbal irony (also called sarcasm)
Dramatic irony involves a situation in a narrative in which the reader knows something about present or future circumstances that the character does not know.
Situational irony is a trope in which accidental events occur that seem oddly appropriate, such as the poetic justice of a pickpocket getting his own pocket picked. |
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| A method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events--usually in the form of a character's memories, dreams, narration, or even authorial commentary |
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| suggesting, hinting, indicating, or showing what will occur later in a narrative. Foreshadowing often provides hints about what will happen next. |
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| Poetry based on the natural rhythms of phrases and normal pauses rather than the artificial constraints of metrical feet. |
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| A common term of variable meaning, imagery includes the "mental pictures" that readers experience with a passage of literature. It signifies all the sensory perceptions referred to in a poem, whether by literal description, allusion, simile, or metaphor. |
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| A poetic device in which a word in the middle of a line rhymes with a word at the end of the same metrical line. |
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| Using opposite phrases in close conjunction. Examples might be, "I burn and I freeze," or "Her character is white as sunlight, black as midnight." |
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| A comparison or analogy stated in such a way as to imply that one object is another one, figuratively speaking. |
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| a character speaking aloud to himself, or narrating an account to an audience with no other character on stage |
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| A trope in which abstractions, animals, ideas, and inanimate objects are given human character, traits, abilities, or reactions. |
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| The structure and relationship of actions and events in a work of fiction. In order for a plot to begin, some sort of catalyst is necessary. |
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| A minor or subordinate secondary plot, often involving a deuteragonist's struggles, which takes place simultaneously with a larger plot, usually involving the protagonist. |
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| Frequent use of words, places, characters, or objects that mean something beyond what they are on a literal level. |
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| A central idea or statement that unifies and controls an entire literary work. |
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| repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses |
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| opposition or contrast of ideas in parellel construction |
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| a sudden turn from the general audience to address a specific group or person. |
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| repetition of the same sound in words close to each other. |
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| repitition at the end of a phrase |
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