Term
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Definition
| Always at least one attack that occurs at rest (usually at night) |
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Term
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Definition
Uremitting asthma attack
Medical emergency |
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Term
| Early response to allergen |
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Definition
30 mins - 2h
D/t histamine release |
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Term
| Late response to allergen |
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Definition
2-4h
D/t activity of inflammatory cells & release of inflammatory mediators
NEVER want this to happen |
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Term
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Definition
Sympathomimetic
Beta 2 agonist LABA; inhaled
May cause chest pain & viral infections |
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Term
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Definition
Sympathomimetic
Beta 2 selective, SABA; inhaled |
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Term
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Definition
Sympathomimetic
LABA
For long term (NOT acute) use; MDI |
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Term
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Definition
Bronchodilators-Methylxanthines
For maintenance therapy in moderate to severe asthma.
SE: nausea, dizziness, HA, increased HR, tremor, anxiety
Monitor doses; PO ONLY; red flag drug |
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Term
| Bronchodilators-methylzanthines MOA |
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Definition
Not sure how they work, just know they dilate airways
May be antagonists at bronchiolar adenosine receptors
Old drugs & related to caffiene |
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Term
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Definition
Bronchodialtor-methylxanthine
May be given IV for severe bronchoconstriction |
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Term
Combivent
Albuterol w/ Ipratropium (Atrovent) |
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Definition
Atrovent = antichollinergic; Albuterol Beta 2
Decrease cGMP mediated bronchoconstriction
Bronchospasm in COPD is main use
Not absorbed so few antichollinergic effects; inhaled |
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Term
| Methylprednisolone-IV (Solu-Medrol) |
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Definition
Steriods
Used short-term when sympathomimetics alone can't control; used in status asthmaticus |
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Term
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Definition
Steriod
Systemic - Lots of SE!!! |
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Term
Beclomethasone (Beclovent)
Mometasone (Asmanex, Twisthaler)
Fluticasone (Flovent)
Budesonide (Pulmicort) |
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Definition
Steroids
Aerosolized, so decreased systemic SE, but increased risk of oral candidiasis (rinse & spit after using)
NOT for status asthmaticus |
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Term
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Definition
-one (generally)
Decrease synthesis & release of inflammatory mediators by immune cells
Systemic - lots of SE! so don't want pts on for a long time
Not rapid acting, need beta agonist on board to relieve faster |
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Term
| Anti-inflammatory agents - cell stabilizers |
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Definition
| Decrease release of inflammatory mediators (histamine) from mast cells, macrophages, eosinophiles, & neutrophils |
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Term
|
Definition
Cell-stabilizers
Used ONLY for prophylaxis of asthma, prevents exercise-induced bronchospasm, MDI |
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Term
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Definition
Cell stabilizer
Prophylaxis for mild/moderate asthma |
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Term
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Definition
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Approved for asthma prophylaxis in kids as young as 12 months |
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Term
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Definition
Antitussive
Dizziness, sedation, NV, constpation common |
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Term
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Definition
Antitussive
More addicting |
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Term
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Definition
Antitussive
Drowsiness, sedation |
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Term
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Definition
Expectorant: decrease mucus viscosity
Have little benefit, but are sometimes used in combo in cough suppressants
Some patients really enjoy them |
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Term
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Definition
-ine; H1 blockers; 1st & 2nd gen.
Block histamines effect on small blood vessels, may cause CNS depression
Block sneezing, itching & redness seen w/ allergies
Dizziness & GI SE |
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Term
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Definition
Sedation is most common SE
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Hydroxyzine (Visatril) |
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Term
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Definition
Loratidine (Claritin)
Cetirizine (Zyrtec) |
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Term
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Definition
Liquify mucus, increasing expectoration
Main uses include Cystic Fibrosis & chronic bronchitis |
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Term
| Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) |
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Definition
Mucolytic
Inhaled, bronchoscope, catheter
Also used for acetaminophen poisoning by PO route
Smells horrible
Proven to break up mucus - reserved for severe cases |
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