Details Title: Resp conditions Description: PANCHE Total Flash Cards: 18 Created: 12/31/2007 15:27:55		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Medical Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Pulmonary Valve Stenosis Causes Symptoms Tests Tx Definition Causes: Congenital Endocarditis Rheumatic Fever Symptoms: Fainting SOB Palpitations Cyanosis Poor weight gain Tests: Cardiac catheterization ECG Chest-Xray Echocardiogram Treatment: Prostaglandins Dieuretics Anti-arrhythmics Blood thinners Valvuloplasty Term Respiratory Acidosis causes sx tests tx Definition Build-up of Carbon Dioxide in the lungs that causes acid-base imbalances and the body becomes acidic Causes: COPD Airway obstruction Hypoventilation syndrome severe scoliosis severe asthma sx chronic cough Wheezing SOB Confusion Fatigue Tests: CT scan ABG PFT Term ARDS Causes Sx Tests Tx Definition Causes: Trauma Chemical inhalation Pneumonia Septic shock Symptoms: Low BP Rapid breathing SOB cyanosis Tests: ABG CBC Cultures Treatment: Echocardiogram Auscultation Cyanosis Chest X-ray Monitor the Patient for: Pulmonary fibrosis Multiple system organ failure Ventilator associated pneumonia Acidosis Respiratory failure Tx Mechanical Ventilation Treat the underlying condition Term Resp alkolosis- causes, sx, tests, tx Definition Causes: Anxiety Fever Hyperventilation Symtpoms: Dizziness Numbness Treatment: Paper bag technique Increase carbon dioxide levels Tests: ABG Chest X-ray Pulmonary function tests Term RSV (Respiratory synctial virus)- sx, tests, monitoring, tx Definition Symptoms: Fever SOB Cyanosis Wheezing Nasal congestion Tests: ABG Chest X-ray Monitor the patient for: Pneumonia Respiratory failure Otitis Media Treatment: Ribvirin Ventilator in severe cases IV fluids Bronchodilators Term pneumonia Definition viruses the primary cause in young children, bacteria the primary cause in adults. Bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Types of pneumonia: Viral pneumonia Walking pneumonia Legionella pneumonia CMV pneumonia Aspiration pneumonia Atypical pneumonia Legionella pneumonia Symptoms: Fever Headache Ribvirin SOB Chest pain Tests: Chest X-ray Pulmonary perfusion scan CBC Cultures of sputum Presence of crackles Treatment: Antibiotics if caused by a bacterial infection Respiratory treatments Steroids IV fluids Vaccine treatments Term Pulmonary actinomycosis- cuases, sx, tests, monitoring Definition Causes: Microorganisms Symptoms: Pleural effusions Facial lesions Chest pain Cough Weight loss Fever Tests: CBC Lung biopsy Thoracentesis CT scan Bronchoscopy Monitor patient for: Emphysema Meningitis Osteomyelitis Term Alveolar proteinosis: causes, sx, tests, tx Definition A build-up of a phospholipid in the lungs were carbon dioxide and oxygen are transferred. Causes: May be associated with infection Genetic disorder 30-50 yrs. Old Symptoms: Weight loss Fatigue Cough Fever SOB Tests: Chest X-ray Presence of crackles CT scan Bronchoscopy ABG- low O2 levels Pulmonary Function tests Treatment: Lung transplantation Special lavage of the lungs Term Pulmonary hypertension: causes, sx, tests, tx Definition elevated BP in the lung arteries Causes: May be genetically linked More predominant in women Symptoms: Fainting Fatigue Chest Pain SOB with activity LE edema Weakness Tests: Pulmonary arteriogram Chest X-ray ECG Pulmonary function tests CT scan Cardiac catheterization Treatment: Manage symptoms Diuretics Calcium channel blockers Heart/Lung Transplant if necessary Term Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas: cases, sx, tests, tx Definition a congenital defect were lung arteries and veins form improperly, and a fistula is formed creating poor oxygenation of blood. Symptoms: SOB with activity Presence of a murmur Cyanosis Clubbing Paradoxical embolism Tests: CT Scan Pulmonary arteriogram Low O2 Saturation levels Elevated RBC’s Treatment: Surgery Embolization Term Pulmonary aspergilloma: causes, sx, tests, tx Definition fungal infection of the lung cavities causing abscesses. Cause: Fungus Aspergillus Symptoms: Wheezing SOB Chest pain Fever Cough Tests: CT scan Sputum culture Serum precipitans Chest X-ray Bronchoscopy Treatment: Surgery Antifungal medications Term Pulmonary edema: causes, sx, tests, tx Definition most commonly caused by Heart Failure, but may be due to lung disorders. Symptoms: Restless behavior Anxiety Wheezing Poor speech SOB Sweating Pale skin Drowning sensation Tests: Murmurs may be present Echocardiogram Presence of crackles Low O2 Saturation levels Treatment: Diuretics Oxygen Treat the underlying cause Term Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: causes, sx, tests, tx Definition Thickening of lung tissue in the lower aspects of the lungs. Causes: Response to an inflammatory agent Found in people ages 50-70. Linked to smoking Symptoms: Cough SOB Chest pain Cyanosis Clubbing Cyanosis Tests: Pulmonary function tests Lung biopsy Rule out other connective tissue diseases CT scan Chest X-ray Treatment: Lung transplantation Corticosteroids Anti-inflammatory drugs Monitor the patient for: Polycythemia Pulmonary Htn. Respiratory failure Cor pulmonarle Term Pulmonary emboli- causes, sx, tests, tx Definition Blood clot of the pulmonary vessels or blockage due to fat droplets, tumors or parasites. Causes: DVT- most common Symptoms: SOB (rapid onset) Chest pain Decreased BP Skin color changes LE and pelvic pain Sweating Dizziness Anxiety Tachycardia Labored breathing Cough Tests: Doppler US Chest X-ray Pulmonary angiogram Pulmonary perfusion test Plethysmography ABG Check O2 saturation Treatment: Placement of an IVC filter Administer Oxygen Surgery Thrombolytic Therapy if clot detected Monitor the patient for: Shock Pulmonary hypertension Hemorrhage Palpitations Heart failure Term Tuberculosis- cauess, sx, tests, tx Definition infection caused by Mycobaterium tuberculosis. Causes: Due to airborne exposure Symptoms: Fever Chest pain SOB Weight Loss Fatigue Wheezing Phlegm production Tests: Thoracentesis Sputum cultures Presence of crackles TB skin test Chest X-ray Bronchoscopy Treatment: Generally about 6 months Rifampin Pyrazinamide Isoniazid Term Cytomegalovirus- causes, sx, tests, tx Definition can cause lung infections and is a herpes-type virus. Causes: More common in immunocompromised patients Often associated with organ transplantation Symptoms: Fever SOB Fatigue Loss of appetite Cough Joint pain Tests: CMV serology tests ABG Blood cultures Bronchoscopy Treatment: Antiviral medications Oxygen therapy Monitor the patient for: Kidney dysfunction Infection Decreased WBC levels Relapses Term Viral pneumonia- causes, sx, tests, tx Definition inflammation of the lungs caused by viral infection. Causes: Rhinovirus Herpes simplex virus Influenza Adenovirus Hantavirus CMV RSV Symptoms: Fatigue Sore Throats Nausea Joint pain Headaches Muscular pain Cough SOB Tests: Bronchoscopy Open Lung biopsy Sputum cultures Viral blood tests Treatment: Antiviral medications IV fluids Monitor the patient for: Liver failure Heart failure Respiratory failure Term Definition