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| A frequency distribution statistics. Normal distribution is shaped like a bell. |
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| A product of the correlation of two related variables times their standard deviations. Used in true experiments to measure the difference of treatment between them. |
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| A "paper" or linear text that has been essentially "copied" into an electronic medium. |
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| A form of reasoning in which a generalized conclusion is formulated from particular instances. |
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| Process of corresponding variables in experimental groups equally feature for feature. |
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| The most frequent score in a distribution. |
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| The target group under investigation, as in all students enrolled in first-year composition courses taught in traditional classrooms. |
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| Degree to which research methods are scrupulously and meticulously carried out in order to recognize important influences occuring in an experiment. |
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| The stimulus given to a dependent variable. |
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| Clear, understandable representation of the data. |
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| A process by which research studies are examined by an independent panel of researchers for review. The purpose is to open the study to examination, criticism, review, and replication by peer investigators and ultimately incorporate the new knowledge into the field. |
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| The collection of numerical data in order to describe, explain, predict and/or control phenomena of interest. |
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| Responds to the original research question and hypothesis to answer the question. What did the study show? It should bring coherence to the study. |
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| Connects the various aspects of the data analysis-shows the commonalities across groups, uniqueness, inconsistencies, etc., and identifies the limits to the study resulting from the design and data analysis. |
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| A tentative explanation for certain behaviors, events or phenomena that have occurred or will occur, or a predicition about the outcome of an experiment. |
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| A formal statement of question or hypothesis that implies empirical investigation. |
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| The degree to which the test consistently measures what is suppose to measure. |
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| A set of propositions that are interrelated in an ordered fashion such that some may be deductible from others, thus permitting an explanation to be developed for the phenomenon under consideration. |
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| A summary of the paper, usually between 100-500 words that describes the most important aspects of the study, including: the problem investigated, the subjects & instruments involved, design and procedures, and the major conclusions. |
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| The group in an experiment design that receives no treatment or a different treatment from the experimental group. |
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