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Reproductive System
brief study set
44
Physiology
Undergraduate 1
04/25/2010

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Term
HAPLOID (n)
Definition
CONTAINS A SINGLE SET OF 23 CHROMOSOMES- GAMETES
Term
DIPLOID
Definition
CONTAIN TWO SETS OF 23 CHROMOSOMES- SOMATIC CELLS
Term
CROSSING OVER
Definition
PARTS OF THE CHROMATIDS OF TWO HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES MAY BE EXCHANGED WITH ONE ANOTHER
RESULTS IN GENETICALLY UNIQUE DAUGHTER CELLS VIA NEW COOMBINATIONS OF GENES OCCURS IN PROPHASE I
Term
MEIOSIS-METAPHASE I
Definition
THE HOMOLOGOUS PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES RANDOMLY LINE UP ALONG THE EQUATORIAL PLANE OF THE CELL WITH THE HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES SIDE BY SIDE. GENES ARE MIXED UP HERE
Term
MEIOSIS II MIRRORS MITOSIS EXCEPT THAT:
Definition
CHROMOSOMES ARE NOT REPLICATED
Term
DARTOS MUSCLE
Definition
SMOOTH MUSCLE IN THE SUPERFICIAL FASCIA

WHEN MUSCLE CONTRACT, IT WRINKLES THE SKIN OF THE SCROTUM AND ELEVATES THE TESTES
Term
LAYERS OF THE SCROTUM FROM SUPERFICIAL TO DEEP
Definition
SKIN OF SCROTUM
DARTOS MUSCLE
EXTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA
INTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA
Term
MYOID CELLS
Definition
SMOOTH MUSCLE LIKE CELLS SURROUND THE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES THAT SQUEEZE SPERM AND TESTICULAR FLUIDS THROUGH TUBULE OF THE TESTES
Term
SERTOLI CELLS
Definition
PROVIDE BLOOD TESTES BARRIER
-PREVENT AN IMMUNE RESPONSE AGAINST SPERMATOCYTES BY CREATING 2 COMPARTMENTS
*BASAL COMPARTMENT
*ADLUMINAL COMPARTMENT
CONTROL RELAEASE OF SPERM INTO SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE
NOURISH DEVELOPING SPERM
Term
LEYDIG CELLS(INTERSTITAL CELLS)
Definition
LOCATED IN SPACE BETWEEN SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
- SECRETES TESTOSTERONE
Term
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DUCTS IN MALES
Definition
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
STRAIGHT TUBULES
RETE TESTIS
EFFERENT DUCTS
DUCTUS EPIDIDYMIS
Term
SPERMATIC CORD
Definition
DUCTUS DEFERANS
TESTICULAR ARTERY
CREMASTER MUSCLE
Term
FSH
Definition
FROM THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY
Term
SEMINAL VESICLE
Definition
CONBOLUTED POUCHLIKE STRUCTURES LYING POSTERIOR TO THE BASE OF THE URINARY BLADDER AND ANTERIOR TO THE RECTUM
Term
PROSTATE
Definition
INFERIOR TO THE URINARY BLADDER AND SURROUNDS THE PROSTATIC URETHRA
Term
BULPOURETHRAL
Definition
LOCATED INFERIOR TO THE PROSTATE ON EITHER SIDE OF THE MEMBRANOUS URETHRA
Term
CORPUS CAVERNOSA
Definition
TWO DORSOLATERAL MASSES
-PRIMARILY RESPONSIBLE FOR ERECTION
Term
HISTOLOGY OF URETHRA
Definition
GERMINAL EPITHELIUM
TUNICA ALBUGINEA
OVARIAN CORTEX
OVARIAN MEDULLA
Term
GERMINAL EPITHELIUM
Definition
LAYER OF SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM THAT COVERS THE SURFACE OF THE OVARY
Term
TUNICA ALBUGINEA
Definition
WHITISH CAPSULE OF DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE LOCATED IMMEDIATELY DEEP TO THE GERMINAL EPITHELIUM
Term
OVARIAN CORTEX
Definition
REGION JUST DEEP TO THE TUNICA ALBUGINEA
Term
OVARIAN MEDULLA
Definition
BORDER BETWEEN THE CORTEX AND MEDULLA IS LESS DISTINCT, BUT THE MEDULLA CONTAINS BLOOD VESSELS, LYMPHATICS AND NERVES
Term
AMPULLA
Definition
WIDEST LONGEST PORTION, MAKING UP THE LATERAL 2/3 OF ITS LENGTH
-THIS IS WHERE FERTILIZATION NORMALLY OCCURS
Term
ISMUTH
Definition
PART OF THE UTERINE TUBE THAT CONNECTS WITH THE UTERUS
Term
ZYGOTE
Definition
FOLLOWING FERTILIZATION, THE NUCLEAR MATERIAL OF THE HAPLOID OVUM AND SPERM UNITE, THE DIPLOID FERTILIZED OVUM IS CALLED:
Term
UTERUS
Definition
PATHWAY FOR SPERM
SITE OF IMPLANTATION
WHEN FETILIZATION DOESN'T OCCUR IT IS THE SOURCE OF MENSTRUAL FLOW
Term
INTERNAL Os
Definition
WHERE THE CERVICAL CANAL OPENS INTO THE UTERINE CAVITY
Term
EXTERNAL Os
Definition
WHERE THE CERVICAL CANAL OPENS INTO THE VAGINA
Term
ANTEFLEXION
Definition
NORMAL POSITION OF THE BODY OF THE UTERUS ANTERIORLY AND SUPERIORLY OVER THE URINARY BLADDER
Term
RETROFLEXION
Definition
POSTERIOR TILTING OF THE UTERUS
Term
MYOMETRIUM
Definition
CONSISTS OF THREE LAYERS OF SMOOTH MUSCLE FIBERS
-CONTRACTS DURING LABOR AND CHILDBIRTH, IN RESPONSE OXYTOCIN TO EXPEL THE FETUS FROM THE UTERUS
Term
STATUM FUNCTIONALIS
Definition
LINES THE UTERINE CAVITY AND SLOUGHS OFF DURING MENSTRUATION
Term
STRATUM BASALIS
Definition
PERMANET; GIVES RISE TO NEW STRATUM FUNCTIONALIS AFTER EACH MENSTURATION
Term
FORNIX
Definition
VAGINAL CANAL THAT LOOSELY SURROUNDS THE CERVIX OF THE UTERUS
Term
MUCOSA (OF VAGINA)
Definition
NONKERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM AND AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONFIGURED INTO RUGAE-TRANSVERSE FOLDS
Term
MONS PUBIS
Definition
ANTERIOR TO THE VAGINAL AND URETHRAL OPENING; AN ELEVATION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE COVERED BY THE SKIN
Term
PROGESTERONE
Definition
Acts to synergistically (with estrogens) prepare and maintain the endometrium for implantation of a fertilized ovum and to prepare the mammary glands for secretion of milk
Term
RELAXIN
Definition
Produced during each monthly cycle to relax the uterus by inhibiting contractions of the myometrium
Increases the flexibility of the pubic symphysis to ease delivery of the baby
Term
INHIBIN
Definition
Inhibit FSH and LH
Term
PREOVULATORY PHASE
Definition
Time between the end of menstruation and ovulatioN
Lasts from 6-13 in a 28 day cycle
Term
FOLLICULAR PHASE
Definition
By day 6, one follicle has outgrown the others, and becomes the dominant follicle
Term
PROLIFERATIVE PHASE
Definition
Estrogens liberated into the blood by the growing follicle stimulate repair of the endometrium
Term
LUTEAL PHASE
Definition
GRAFFIAN FOLLICLE BECOME TRANSFORMED INTO CORPUS LUTEUM
Term
SECRETORY PHASE
Definition
PROGESTERONE AND ESTROGEN PRODUCED BY THE CORPUS LUTEUM PROMOTE GROWTH AND COILING OF THE ENDOMETRIAL GLANDS, VASCULARIZATION OF THE SUPERFICIAL ENDO METRIUM, AND THICKENING OF THE ENDOMETRIUM
ENDOMETRIAL CELLS BEGIN TO SECRETE GLYCOGEN
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