Home > Flashcards > Physiology > Reproductive Physiology

Details Title: Reproductive Physiology Description: Test 1 Total Flash Cards: 77 Created: 10/20/2007 16:15:40	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Inguinal Canal Definition slit-like structure where testicle descend through Term Descent of Testicle Definition Gubernacular testis pulls testicle to ingunal area vaginal process - internal ring - inguinal canal - external ring - scrotum Term Gubernaculum Testis Definition ligament attached to the testis to the inguinal area Term ___________ and ___________ aid in thermoregulation in a male. Definition dartos muscle and cremaster muscle Term sertoli cells Definition nutrition cells for sprem Term Cells of leydig Definition produce testosterone Term epididymis Definition production of hormones used for storage and maturation of sperm head, body, and tail Term vas deferens Definition a tube structure that connects epididymis Term Accessory Sex Glands Definition Bulbourethral glands prostate vesicular Term Ampullla Definition where vas deferns connects with urethra Term urethra Definition runs through middle of penis and how urine and semen go to outside Term Retractor Penis Muscle Definition pulls penis back towards the body Term Ischiocavernousus Muscle Definition presses the penis against the ischial arch and fills penis with blood also prevents blood from coming out Term sigmoid flexure Definition "S" shaped structure that relaxes and contracts to allow penis out in bulls Term Corpus cavernosum Penis Definition main part of penis Term Ovary Definition produces ovum Term Tunica Albuginea Definition covering of the testicle and the ovary Term Layers of the Tunica Albuginea Definition Cortex Medulla Term Primary follicle Definition contains ovum and small amounts of cells Term Secondary Follicle Definition contains ovum and more cells Term Tertiary follicle Definition contains ovum, cells, and antrum Term Graafian follicle Definition mature follicle (antrum and ovum) Preovulatory follicle Term Liquor folliculi Definition fluid in antrum Term antrum Definition fluid filled space that starts in tertiary follicle Term Atretic Follicle Definition follicle that matures then deteriorates Term Oviduct Definition structure that connects ovary with uterus serosa muscular mucosa Term Salpingitis Definition infammation of the oviduct Term Infindibulum Definition top part of the oviduct that catches the ovum Term Fimbria Definition fingerlike structures that direct ovum into the infindibulum (what touches the ovum first) Term ampulla Definition part of oviduct from infindibulum to the isthmus Term isthmus Definition connects oviduct to uterus Term uterus Definition muscular structure with 3 layers Term Bicornuate Definition uterus has 2 horns Term Bipartite Definition partition between 2 horns Term Layers of the uterus Definition Myometrium Endometrium Serosa Term cervix Definition fiborus structures that connects vagina to uterus forms a cervical plug during pregnancy to prevent infection (cows have annular rings, pigs have corkscrew) Term Vagina Definition birth canal Term Hymen Definition fibrous sheet in vagina in young female that makes urine come to outside Term Vestibule Definition part of the vagina that goes from urthra to the vulva area Term 4 body parts that  secrete hormones Definition hypothalmus anterior and posterior pituitary Gonads Uterus Term The hypothalmus releases ____________ and _____________. Definition Gonadotropic releasing hormone, growth inhibitiong hormone Term the anterior pituitary secretes _____________ , __________________, and _________________. Definition follicle stimulating hormone, leutinizing hormone, prolactin Term The posterior pituitary secretes ______________. Definition oxytocin Term Gonads secrete ____________, ______________, _____________, ________________, and ________________. Definition Testosterone, estrogen, inhibin, activin, relaxin Term The placenta secretes _____________ and ______________. Definition human chorionic gonadotropin, pregnant mare serum Term The uterus secretes _______________. Definition Prostaglandin F 2 A Term Estrous Definition complete cycle from  one ovulation to  another Term Estrus Definition period of receptivity for male Term _____________ and __________ make up the follicular growth stage. Definition proestrus and estrus Term ___________ and _____________ make up the Luteal phase. Definition metestrus and diestrus Term Monestrus Definition one cycle per year Term Mare Reproductive Cycle Definition Puberty : 18 months Estrous : 18-21 days Estrus : lasts 5 days Ovulation: 1-2 days before the end of estrus Ideal time to breed :  toward end of estrus Gestation : 11months Term Cow Reproductive Cycle Definition Puberty : at 65% of body weight or 750 lbs.. Estrous : 20-21 days Estrus : 18 hrs. Ovulation : 10-15 hours after estrus Gestation : 283 days Term Sheep Reproductive Cycle Definition Puberty : 4 - 12 months Estrous : 17 days Estrus : 30 hours ovulation : at end of estrus Gestation : 150 days Term Swine Reproductive Cycle Definition Puberty : 7 months Estrous : 21 days Estrus : 48-72 hours ovulation : close to end of estrus Gestation : 114 days; 3 mo 3weeks 3 days Term Dog Reproductive Cycle Definition Puberty : 6 months Estrous : 6 months Estrus : 5 -7 days Ovulation : around middle of cycle Gestation : 62 - 63 days Term Cat Reproductive Cycle Definition Puberty : 6 months Estrous : seasonally polyestrus Estrus : 6 -7 days ovulation : ovulates when bred Gestation : 62 - 63 days Term Parts of Sperm Definition Acrosome Post-acrosomal cap head neck mid-piece annulus end piece axonene Term Semen Evaluation Definition volume Clear, cloudy, or cream motility Morphology Scrotal Circumference Term Stages of sperm transport Definition Rapid Sperm Transport Colonization Slow Prolonged Release Term Isthmo-ampulla junction Definition upper 1/3 of the oviduct where fertilization takes place Term Enzymes secreted by sperm for acrosomal reaction Definition Hyaluronidase Acrosin Term Factors Necessary for fertilization Definition Sperm migration Sperm attachment sperm Penetration Term Zona Pellucida Definition outside covering of ovum; keeps more than 1 sperm from penetrating Term Perivitelline Space Definition space inbetween zona pellucida and vitelline membrane Term Vitelline Membrane Definition membrane around ovum Term The pronucleus sperm and pronucleus ovum unit where? Definition In the middle of the ovum Term One-cell Zygote Definition what the sperm and ovum combination become Term Mitotic Division Definition growth of embryo Term Morula Definition 16-32 cell stage; Day 1-2 Term Blastocyst Definition after morula; can not count number of cells; Day 7-8 Term Blastocoele Definition fluid filled space that is part of the blastocyst Term parthenogenesis Definition development of embryo w/o fertilization of sperm; destroyed after 2-3 divisions Term Layers of Blastocyst Definition Trophoblast - becomes part of placenta Embroblast Term Layers of Embryoblast Definition Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm Term Intrauterine Migration Definition embryos migrate to have equal numbers in each horn Term Implantation of embryos Definition 10-35 days post-fertilization; must implant to get nutrients from uterine wall; at this stage embryo is called fetus