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Reproduction 2
Basic Terms
40
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 4
01/28/2011

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Term
Glans Penis
Definition
The anatomically specialized, highly sensitive distal end of the penis
Term
Gonadotroph
Definition
A cell type in the Anterior pituitary that produces gonadotrophins.
Term
Hormone
Definition
A substance produced by one or more glands that is transported by the blood to exert a specific effect upon another organ.
Term
Infundibulum
Definition
A hollow funnel-shaped structure of passage.
Term
Intromission
Definition
The insertion of one part into another. The insertion of the penis in the vagina.
Term
Lactational Anestrus
Definition
A lack of cyclicity brought about by nursing and presence of the young
Term
Luteinization
Definition
The process whereby granulosal and thecal cells are transformed into luteal cells. Brought about by LH
Term
Luteolysis
Definition
The process by which luteal tissue undergoes regression and cell death
Term
Mesoderm
Definition
The middle germ layer of the embryo
Term
Metestrus
Definition
A stage of the estrous cycle between ovulation and formation of the functional corpus luteum
Term
Mucosa
Definition
An epithelial lining or coating of a structure.
Term
Multiparous
Definition
A female that has had at least one previously successful pregnancy or parturition
Term
Myoepithelial Cells
Definition
Cells within the mammary glands that have receptors for oxytocin and upon stimulation contract to cause milk ejection
Term
Myometrium
Definition
The smooth muscle layer of the uterus consisting of and inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer.
Term
negative feedback.
Definition
The set of conditions whereby a hormone exerts an inhibitory effect on another gland or organ suppressing the level of hormone secretion.
Term
Neuroendocrine Reflex
Definition
A reflex initiated by stimulation of sensory neurons that causes the release of a neurohormone from neurosecretory cells.
Term
Neurohormone
Definition
A hormone that is synthesized and secreted by neurons.
Term
ootid
Definition
The oocyte after the first meiotic division in which the first polar body is present.
Term
oviparous
Definition
Animals that produce eggs that are hatched outside the body of the ovulatory animal, as in birds.
Term
Parenchyma
Definition
The functional cells of a gland or organ supported by a connective tissue framework.
Term
Parturition
Definition
To give birth
Term
Penile Urethra
Definition
The portion of the urethra inside the penis.
Term
Pheromone
Definition
A volatile material secreted externally that is recognized by the olfactory system. They stimulate or inhibit reproduction.
Term
Photoperiod
Definition
The period of time during the day when there is daylight.
Term
Placenta
Definition
The organ of the metabolic exchange between the fetus and the dam consisting of a portion of embryonic origin (chorion) and a portion of maternal origin (endometrium).
Term
Placentation
Definition
The structural organization and physical relationship of the fetal membranes to the endometrium that provides the site of metabolic exchange between the dam and the fetus.
Term
Polyestrus
Definition
Animals that display estrous cycles uniformly distributed throughout the year without marked seasonal influence
Term
Positive feedback
Definition
A condition whereby a hormone exerts a stimulatory effect on another gland or tissue.
Term
Primiparous
Definition
Referring to the first parity or pregnancy of a female
Term
Proestrus
Definition
The stage of the estrus cycle between luteolysis and the onset of estrus.
Term
Puberty
Definition
A developmental process in which the endocrine and morphological changes transform the animal into an individual capable of reproducing.
Term
Receptivity
Definition
Specific behavior in the female that promotes copulation.
Term
Seasonal Anestrus
Definition
A period of anestrus induced by either long or short photoperiods.
Term
Seasonal Polyestrus
Definition
A condition in which females exhibit multiple estrous cycles during a specific season of the year.
Term
Spermatogenesis
Definition
The process whereby spermatozoa are formed. Consists of proliferation, meiosis, differentiation.
Term
Spermatozoa
Definition
The male gamete consisting of a head (nucleus) and a tail (flagellum) that exhibits motility when exposed to the appropriate physiologic environment.
Term
Sphenoid Bone
Definition
A bone forming the floor of the cranium that houses the sella turcica into which the hypophysis fits.
Term
Syngamy
Definition
The fusion of the male and female pronuclei within the cytoplasm of the newly fertilized oocyte, giving rise to the zygote.
Term
Theca Interna
Definition
The layer of flattened spindle-shaped cells just outside the basement membrane of an antral follicle with receptors to LH
Term
Zygote
Definition
The diploid cell resulting from the fusion of the male and female pronuclei.
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