Term
| Most common bacteria causing Urethritis? |
|
Definition
Community:50% N.gonorrhea, 50% Chalymidia/Ureaplasma
Nosocomial: (-)Enteric, Coag(-) Staph |
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Term
| Most common bacterial causes of Cystitis/Pyelonephritis? |
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Definition
Community: 85% E.coli, Proteus mirabilis
Nosocomial: Gram (-) Opportunistic Rods, Entercoccus, Coag(-) Staph, Candida |
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Term
| Most common bacterial causes of Prostatitis? |
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Definition
Community: Gram(-) Bacilli, N. gonorrhea
Nosocomial:Gram (-) Enteric Bacilli |
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Term
| What characteristics increase the probability of UTI's? |
|
Definition
Trauma/Catheter
Obstruction
Genetic: Receptor Expression
Women |
|
|
Term
| What are some reasons why women are more prone to UTI's? |
|
Definition
Short Urethra
Proximity to the Anus
Sex and Spermicide use inoculates the urethra
Non-ABH blood antigen secretors
Receptor Genetic predisposition |
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Term
| How do you diagnose cystitis and when would you suspect pyelonephritis? |
|
Definition
Bacterial Culture: 90% of (+) are >10^5 CFUs
Pyelo: Systemic Sympoms, WBC casts, or flank pain |
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Term
| What is the treatment for Acute Cystitis and Pyelo/Prostatitis? |
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Definition
Cystitis: Nitrofurantoin, Amoxacillin, Ciprofloxacin; single dose/ 3 day
Pyelo: Aminoglycosides and Cephalosporins;
10-14 days, IV for acutely ill |
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Term
| What are the virulence factors for E.coli |
|
Definition
Type 1 Pili: Bind Mannose Glycoprotein
Pyelonephritis-Associated Pili: Bind Digalactoside |
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|
Term
| What laboratory findings suggest E.coli culture? |
|
Definition
(-) Rod
Lactose Fermenter
Indole Positive |
|
|
Term
| What is the typical target population for Staph saprophyticus UTI's |
|
Definition
| Sexually Active Young Women |
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|
Term
| What are the lab characteristics of Proteus? |
|
Definition
Urease
Non-lactose
H2S (+)
Swarming |
|
|
Term
| What are the laboratory characteristics of K. pneumonia |
|
Definition
Indole (-)
Lactose Fermenter |
|
|
Term
| Lab characteristics of S. saprophyticus? |
|
Definition
(+) Cocci in Clusters
Catalase (+)
Coag (-)
Novobiocin Resistant |
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|
Term
| Lab characteristics of Enterococcus |
|
Definition
(+) Cocci in Clusters
Catalase (-)
Alpha/Gamma Hemolytic
6.5% NaCl @ 45
Bile Esculin (+) |
|
|
Term
| What are the virulence factors for Proteus |
|
Definition
Pilli to the Renal Pelvis
Urease: Ca, Mg Salt Precipitation |
|
|
Term
| Virulence factors for K. pneumoniae |
|
Definition
Ropy Like Capsule: Anti-Phago/Complement
Capsular Polysaccharide: Retains Calculi |
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|
Term
| Virulence factors of Enterococcus |
|
Definition
Antibiotic resistance
Vancomycin resistance |
|
|
Term
| Virlence factors of Pseudomonas |
|
Definition
Resistance
Exotoxin A: same mechanism as diptheria |
|
|
Term
| When differentiating the lactose fermenters what test can be used? |
|
Definition
Indole test
E.coli: indole (+)
Klebsiella Indole(-) |
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|
Term
| What test differentiates S. bovis from Enterococcus |
|
Definition
6.5 % NaCl @ 45
Enterococcus grows, Bovis does not |
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|
Term
| How do you differentiate the Coagulase (-) Staphylococci? |
|
Definition
Novobiocin Resistance
S.epidermidus: Sensitive
S.saprophyticus: Resistant |
|
|
Term
| What are the lab characteristics of Pseudomonas? |
|
Definition
Oxidase (+)
Blue-Green Pigmentation on Agar |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria isolated from a nosocomial UTI infection will produce Red pigmentation |
|
Definition
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