Term
| Differentiate Nephrotic and Nephritic |
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Definition
Nephrotic: Severe Edema, >3.5 Proteinuria, Hyperlipidemia
Nephritic: Hematuria <3.5 Proteinuria, HPTN, Edema, Low GFR |
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Term
| Clinical features and pathological signs of Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome |
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Definition
85% of Childhood Nephrotic Syndromes
80-90% Relapse
Signs: Edema, Diarrhea, Anorexia, Ab pain
Pathology: EM Foot process effacement |
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Term
| What is the treatment and complications of Nephrotic Syndrome |
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Definition
Rx: Steroids and Salt Restriction
Complications: Renal Failure, Thrombosis, Pulmonary Edema, Infection |
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Term
| How is the diagnosis of a UTI made, What follow up testing is required and what type of treatment may be needed? |
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Definition
Dx: Culture, Leukocyte esterase, Nitrites
<2yrs old: Renal ultrasound and Voiding Cystourethrograms are required
(+)Vesicoureteric Reflux: Test Siblings and Evaluate Grade
High Grade: Antibiotic Prophylaxis maybe surgery
Low Grade: Monitor for resolution |
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Term
| What are the different causes of Renal Tubular Acidosis and how are they treated? |
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Definition
Type 1: Impaired Acid Secretion
Type 2: Impaired Bicarb Reabsorption
Type 4: Impaired Ammonia Production
RX: Bicarb infusion |
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Term
| What is the primary determinant of prognosis in a renal agenesis patient? |
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Definition
| Extent of Hypoplasia of the lungs |
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Term
| What are some causes of Hydronephrosis |
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Definition
Obstruction: Uretopelvic Junction Obstruction, Posterior Urethral Valve, Prune Belly Syndrome
Non-Obstructive: Physiological, Vesicoureteral Reflux |
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