Term
| Compensation mechanisms for metabolic Acidosis |
|
Definition
Hyper ventilation
HCO3 retention
HCO3 Production
NH4 Excretion |
|
|
Term
| What are some common causes of High Anion Gap Acidosis |
|
Definition
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Uremic Acidosis in Kidney Failure
Exogenous Poisoning
Lactic Acidosis
|
|
|
Term
| What are some common causes of Non-Anion Gap Acidosis |
|
Definition
Diarrhea
Tubular Acidosis
Milder Chronic Kidney Disease
Acetazolamide CA-Inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis and the mechanism of each |
|
Definition
Vomiting or Gastric loss: HCO3 production by parietal, and Cl loss leads to HCO3 resorption with Na or H+/K secretion
Diuretics: Na, Cl, K, water excretion w/o HCO3 excretion
Hyperaldosteronism: EnAC channels cause H+ secretion
Cushing's |
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|
Term
| Consequences of metabolic alkalosis |
|
Definition
Cerebral vasoconstriction
Respiratory Suppression |
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|
Term
| Which of the common causes of Alkalosis present with low urinary chloride and which with high urinary chloride |
|
Definition
High Chloride: Hyperaldosteronism/Cushings
Low Chloride: Vomiting, Diuretics |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of metabolic alkalosis |
|
Definition
Saline with Chloride
Sometimes Infuse HCl or hemodialysis
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|
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Term
| What is the expected compensation in Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis as well as respiratory acidosis and alkalosis |
|
Definition
Metabolic Acidosis: Change in CO2 is 1.5 times the change in Bicarb
Metabolic Alkalosis: Change in CO2 is 0.6 times the change in bicarb
Respiratory Acidosis: Bicarb changes 3.5 times the change in CO2
Respiratory Alkalosis: Bicarb changes 4 times the change in CO2 |
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|
Term
| What are the symptoms of acidosis |
|
Definition
Decrease Contractility
Bone buffering
Tissue Breakdown |
|
|
