Term
| Where is ADH produced? Where is it stored? |
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Definition
hypothalamus
posterior pituitary |
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Term
| What hormone will be released if blood osmality is too high? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| tells kidneys to retain more water to lower blood osmolality |
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Term
| You will feel thirsty if your plasma osmolality is above what level? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens if you are over-hydrated? |
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Definition
| ADH secretion will decrease, signalling to the kidneys to excrete more water in the urine |
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Term
| What is unique about brattleboro rats? |
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Definition
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Term
| If you have excessive thirst, dilute urine, no ADH production, what condition do you suffer from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the circadian rhythm of ADH |
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Definition
| increases at night to promote reabsorption of water, decrease urine production to reduce need to urinate while sleeping |
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Term
| Where is water stored in the body, at the cellular level? |
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Definition
2/3 intracellular
1/3 extracellular |
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Term
What are some challenges the Arabian camel faces with hydration? (3)
How does it solve these problems? (4) |
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Definition
-lives in desert
-may be active in a hot, dry environment
-cannot close kidneys down to reduce urine production
Solution:
-metabolism of lipid stored in hump provides metabolic water
-can also get metabolic water from dry food
-kidneys are efficient at water recovery
-can turn off thermoregulation, increasing the core basal body temperature to prevent panting & water loss |
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Term
What are some hydration challenges faced by the kangaroo rat? (3)
How has the kangaroo rat adapted? (4) |
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Definition
-lives in arid desert
-high O2 consumption & respiratory water loss
-does not drink water
-must maintain body temperature
-water from dry good & metabolism
-underground colonies = moist air to reduce respiratory water loss
-nocturnal (avoid daytime heat)
-very dry feces |
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Term
| Sea water is _____ dissolve salts by weight |
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Definition
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Term
What are some hydration challenges faced by marine mammals? (1)
How have they adapted to meet these challenges? (2) |
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Definition
sea water is very salty, no access to fresh water
-get water from food (krill, plankton)
-produce highly concentrated urine |
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Term
What hydration challenges are faced by hibernating bears?
What adaptations do they have? (5) |
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Definition
-do not take in any water for up to half the year (during hibernation)
-reduce body temperature (and metabolic rate)
-reduce heart rate
-lipid metabolism water balances respiratory water loss
-urea recycled to make protein
-water reabsorbed from the bladder |
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Term
| What is the difference between a hibernating squirrels & a hibernating bear? |
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Definition
squirrels go to ambient BT/metabolic rate, cannot be woken up
bears go to 100-90, can be woken up! |
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