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Religions
Religious terms for Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sikhism
62
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 4
04/26/2010

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Term
ashram
Definition
A usually ascetic spiritual community of followers gathered around their guru
Term
atman
Definition
The individual soul.
Term
avatar
Definition
An incarnation of a deity.
Term
bhakti
Definition
Intense devotion to a personal manifestation of Supreme Reality
Term
Brahman
Definition
The Supreme Reality
Term
brahmin
Definition
Priest or member of the priestly caste.
Term
darsan
Definition
Visual contact with the divine.
Term
deva
Definition
A deity.
Term
dharma
Definition
Moral order, righteousness, religion
Term
Kali Yuga
Definition
The present degraded era.
Term
Moksha
Definition
Liberation
Term
prana
Definition
The invisible life force.
Term
Puja
Definition
Ritual worship.
Term
Rishi
Definition
A sage.
Term
Saivite
Definition
Worshiper of Siva.
Term
Sakta
Definition
Worshiper of the divine in female form.
Term
Samsara
Definition
The worldly cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.
Term
Sanatana Dharma
Definition
The eternal way of religious duty.
Term
Sannyasin
Definition
Renunciate spiritual seeker.
Term
Sanskrit
Definition
The ancient language of the Vedas.
Term
Sutra
Definition
Terse spiritual teaching
Term
Tantra
Definition
A sacred esoteric text with spiritual practices honoring the divine in female form.
Term
Vaishnavite
Definition
Worshiper of Vishnu or one of his manifestations, such as Krishna.
Term
Anatman (anatta)
Definition
The principle that there is no eternal self. Buddhism
Term
Anitya (anicca)
Definition
Impermanence
Term
Arhant (arhat)
Definition
A "worthy one" who has followed teh Buddha's path to liveration.
Term
bhikshu
Definition
A monk or nun who renounces worldliness for the sake of following the path of liberation and whose simple physical needs are met by lay supporters.
Term
bodhisattva
Definition
A person who is dedicated to liberating others from suffering.
Term
deity yoga
Definition
Vajrayana meditation on a deity in order to develop his or her qualities.
Term
Dharma (Dhamma)
Definition
The teachings and laws for conduct given by the Buddha.
Term
dukkha
Definition
Discomfort, suffering, frustration, disharmony.
Term
kensho
Definition
A sudden experience of enlightened awareness.
Term
koan
Definition
A question used by Zen teachers to boggle the student's mind and thus liberate direct awareness.
Term
lama
Definition
A high Vajrayana teacher.
Term
Mahayana
Definition
The "Great Vehicle," the Buddhist school that stresses compassion.
Term
Pali Canon
Definition
Ancient Buddhist scriptures written in Pali and considered authoritative.
Term
Sangha
Definition
The spiritual community. In Teravada, the monastic community.
Term
stupa
Definition
Monument containing Buddhist relics or images.
Term
sunyata
Definition
The doctrine of voidness, emptiness.
Term
Theravada
Definition
The remaining orthodox school of Buddhism, which adheres to the earliest scriptures.
Term
Triple Gem
Definition
The Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha.
Term
Vajrayana
Definition
The Buddhist path of teh Tibetan diaspora.
Term
vipassana
Definition
Insight meditation.
Term
zazen
Definition
sitting meditation, in Zen schools.
Term
zen
Definition
A Chinese and Japanese school emphasizing that all things have buddha-nature, which can only be grasped when one escapes from the intellectual mind.
Term
Amrit
Definition
Nectar made with sugar and water, symbolizing teh sweetness of compassion.
Term
Dasam Granth
Definition
The collected writings of Guru Gobind Singh.
Term
Five K's
Definition
The symbols worn by Khalsa members.
Term
gurdwara
Definition
A Sikh temple.
Term
Guru Granth Sahib (Adi Granth)
Definition
Term
Guru Granth Sahib (Adi Granth)
Definition
The sacred scripture compiled by the Sikh Gurus.
Term
Jaap Sahib
Definition
The second morning prayer of Sikhs, written by Guru Gobind Singh.
Term
janam-sakhis
Definition
Traditional biographies, especially stories of the life of Guru Nanak.
Term
Jap Ji
Definition
The first morning prayer of Sikhs, written by Guru Nanak.
Term
Khalsa
Definition
Order of Sikhs who have undergone special initiation and observe a strict code of conduct.
Term
kirtan
Definition
Singing of sacred hymns from Guru Granth Sahib.
Term
langar
Definition
Community meal for all, regardless of caste or position.
Term
Nam
Definition
The holy Name of God, as recited by Sikhs.
Term
Panth
Definition
The religious community in Sikhism.
Term
sangat
Definition
A Sikh congregation.
Term
Udasi
Definition
An ascetic Sikh order.
Term
Sikhs
Definition
Disciples
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