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Religion Vocabulary
Definitions of many words relating to religion.
57
Religious Studies
9th Grade
02/13/2011

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Term
Agnosticism
Definition
a person who claims, with respect to any particular question, that the answer cannot be known with certainty
Term
Karma
Definition
In Hinduism and Buddhism seen as bringing upon oneself inevitable results, good or bad, either in this life or in a reincarnation
Term
Alms
Definition
Money, food, or other donations given to the poor or needy; anything given as charity
Term
Kibbutz
Definition
a collective agricultural settlement in modern Israel, owned and administered communally by its members and on which children are reared collectively
Term
Anti-Semitism
Definition
discrimination against or prejudice or hostility toward Jews
Term
Monistic
Definition
the conception that there is one causal factor in history; the notion of a single element as primary determinant of behavior, social action, or institutional relations.
Term
Apostasy
Definition
a total desertion of or departure from one's religion, principles, party, cause, etc.
Term
Monotheism
Definition
the doctrine or belief that there is only one god
Term
Atheism
Definition
the doctrine or belief that there is no god.
Term
Moralistic*
Definition
characterized by or expressive of a concern with morality
Term
Bar Mitzvah
Definition
in Judaism, "male person who has completed his 13th year and thus reached the age of religious responsibility," or his ceremony.
Term
Mystic
Definition
a person who claims to attain, or believes in the possibility of attaining, insight into mysteries transcending ordinary human knowledge, as by direct communication with the divine or immediate intuition in a state of spiritual ecstasy
Term
Bat Mitzvah
Definition
a solemn ceremony, chiefly among Reform and conservative Jews, that is held in the synagogue on Friday night or Saturday morning to admit formally as an adult member of the Jewish community a girl 12 to 13 years old.
Term
Nirvana
Definition
freedom from the endless cycle of personal reincarnations, with their consequent suffering, as a result of the extinction of individual passion, hatred, and delusion
Term
Blaspheme
Definition
impious utterance or action concerning god or sacred things.
Term
Orthodox
Definition
sound or correct in opinion or doctrine, especially theological or religious doctrine
Term
Brahman
Definition
the ultimate and impersonal divine reality of the universe, from which all being originates and to which it returns
Term
Pantheism
Definition
any doctrine that regards God as identical with the material universe or the forces of nature
Term
Caliph
Definition
the title of the successors of Mohammed as rulers of the Islamic world, later assumed by the Sultans of Turkey
Term
Parable
Definition
a short allegorical story designed to illustrate or teach some truth, religious principle, or moral lesson.
Term
Canonize
Definition
To regard as holy and or document in scriptural works.
Term
Philosophic*
Definition
versed or occupied with philosophy.
Term
Chanting
Definition
to sing or chant, especially in a religious service
Term
Pilgrimage
Definition
a journey, especially a long one, made to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion
Term
Charity
Definition
generous donations or actions to aid the poor, ill, or helpless
Term
Purgatory
Definition
a condition or place in which the souls of those dying penitent are purified from venial sins or undergo the temporal punishment that after the guilt of the mortal sin has been remitted still remains to be endured by the sinner.
Term
Conversion
Definition
change from one religion, political belief, viewpoint, etc., to another.
Term
Polytheism
Definition
belief in or worship of more than one god
Term
Covenant
Definition
An agreement that brings about a relationship of commitment between God and his people.
Term
Prophet
Definition
A person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will
Term
Cult
Definition
A relatively small group of people having a system of religious veneration and devotion directed toward a particular figure or object
Term
Reincarnation
Definition
The rebirth of a soul in a new body
Term
Dharma
Definition
Virtue, righteousness, and duty, esp. social and caste duty in accord with the cosmic order
Term
Sect
Definition
A group of people with somewhat different religious beliefs (typically regarded as heretical) from those of a larger group to which they belong that have been separated from that larger group.
Term
Diaspora
Definition
The dispersion of any people (mainly Jews in this context) from their original homeland (being Israel.
Term
Secularization
Definition
the transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward non-religious (or "irreligious") values and secular institutions.
Term
Dogma
Definition
A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true
Term
Shrine
Definition
A place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic, typically marked by a building or other construction
Term
Enlightenment
Definition
The action or state of attaining or having attained spiritual knowledge or insight, in particular (in Buddhism) that awareness which frees a person from the cycle of rebirth
Term
Syncretism
Definition
The merging or attempted merging of different religions,
Term
Faith
Definition
Complete trust or confidence in someone or something (usually referring to religious trust or confidence in a God)
Term
Synod
Definition
An assembly of the clergy and sometimes also the laity in a diocese or other division of a particular church
Term
Hajj
Definition
The Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime
Term
Talmud
Definition
the collection of ancient rabbinic writings on Jewish law and tradition (the Mishna and the Gemara) that constitute the basis of religious authority in Orthodox Judaism
Term
Henotheistic
Definition
Belief in or worship of one deity without denying the existence of other deities
Term
Tenet
Definition
A principle or belief, esp. one of the main principles of a religion
Term
Heresy
Definition
Belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious (esp. Christian) doctrine
Term
Transcendent
Definition
Beyond or above the range of normal or merely physical human experience
Term
Holy See
Definition
the seat of final authority for the entire Roman Catholic Church located in Rome and positioned under the headship of the pope
Term
Transubstantiation
Definition
The conversion of the substance of the Eucharistic elements into the body and blood of Christ at consecration, only the appearances of bread and wine still remaining. A change in form or substance of something.
Term
Icon
Definition
A painting of Jesus Christ or another holy figure, typically in a traditional style on wood, venerated and used as an aid to devotion in the Byzantine and other Eastern Churches
Term
Untouchables
Definition
A member of the lowest-caste Hindu group or a person outside the caste system
Term
Idol
Definition
An image or representation of a god used as an object of worship
Term
Imam
Definition
The person who leads prayers in a mosque. A title of various Muslim leaders, esp. of one succeeding Muhammad as leader of Shiite Islam
Term
Immanent
Definition
the concept that deity is very much associated with creation, is all-present in the world, and is close to believers
Term
Jihad
Definition
a holy war waged by Muslims against infidels.
Term
What is the difference between a religion which considers themselves Philosophical verses one that is considered Moralistic?
Definition
Philosophical religion is based on knowledge, reality, and science whereas Moralistic religion is based on Morales.
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