Term
| Regulatory T (TReg) cells are ... |
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Definition
| specialized CD4+ T cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| maintain self-tolerance and immune homeostasis by suppressing the activation, proliferation, and effector functions of various immune cells. |
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Term
| Where exactly do Tregs generate? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Are Thymically-derived CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ TReg cells a relatively homogeneous population? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the change in thymically-derived CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ TReg cells when they migrate to periphery? |
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Definition
| A subpopulation of these cells develop phenotypic characteristics similar to conventional memory and effector T cells. |
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Term
| How does this phenotypic change helps? |
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Definition
| Enables their subsequent migration to lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues to maintain proper immune homeostasis. |
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Term
| Except for the greek word ήλιος (sun), what is Helios in the immune cells. |
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Definition
| Is a member of the Ikaros transcription factor family and it is preferentially expressed at the mRNA level by regulatory T cells. |
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Term
| Helios is expressed uniquely in human FOXP3+ Tregs and distinguishes... |
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Definition
| the thymic over the peripheral derived Tregs. |
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Term
| Members of secreted TReg cytokine expression are: |
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Definition
i) IL-10
ii) TGF-β
iii) IL-35 |
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Term
| Role of IL-10 during TReg differentiation. |
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Definition
i) Inhibits cytokine production by T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells
ii) Suppresses TH1/2 cell proliferation via inhibition of IL-2
iii) Down regulates MHC class II on monocytes, impairing antigen presentation for proper activation of T cells |
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Term
| Role of IL-35 during TReg differentiation |
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Definition
| Enhances TReg proliferation and IL-10 expression, while suppressing the development of TH17 and TH1 activated T cells |
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Term
| Role of TGF-β during TReg differentiation |
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Definition
i) Inhibits IL-1- and IL-2-dependent T cell proliferation
ii) Inhibits activation of both T helper and cytotoxic T cells
iii) Inhibits the secretion of IFNγ, TNFα and other interleukins
iv) Downregulates the expression of cytokine receptors on activated T cells
v) Inhibits the proliferation of macrophages and monocytes and limits their production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
vi) Induces Foxp3 expression. |
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