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Reformation
AP World definitions
21
History
12th Grade
01/22/2011

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Term
Protestant Reformation
Definition

religious movement of the 16th century that began as 

an attemptto reform the Roman Catholic Church and

 resulted in the creationof Protestant churches. 

Term
1517
Definition
Martin Luther protests
Term
95 Theses
Definition
commonly known as The Ninety-Five Theses, was written by Martin Luther  in 1517 and is widely regarded as the primary catalyst for the Protestant Reformation. The disputation protests against clerical abuses, especially in regard to indulgences. .
Term
Wittenberg, Germany 
Definition
On October 31, 1517, Luther nailed his 95 theses against the selling of indulgences at the door of the All Saints, the Castle Church, marking the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. 
Term
Sale of indulgences 
Definition

In the Roman Catholic Churcha declaration by church authoritiesthat 

those who say certain prayers or do good deeds will have

some or all of their punishment in purgatory remitted.

Term
Calvin
Definition

French theologian: a leader of the Protestant Reformation in

 France and Switzerland, establishing the first 

presbyteriangovernment in Geneva. His theological system 

is described inhis Institutes of the Christian Religion. 

Term
Predestination
Definition

The doctrine or belief, esp associated with Calvin, that the 

final salvation of some of mankind is foreordained

 from eternity by God

Term
Presbyterian
Definition
Term
Counter Reformation
Definition

The reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation.

Aimed to increase faithamong church members,

 get rid of some of the abuses to whichthe leaders of the 

Reformation objected, and affirm some of theprinciples 

rejected by the Protestant churchessuch as venerationof the saints and acceptance

 of the authority of the popeManyJesuits were leaders

 of the Counter Reformation.

Term
Thomas Wycliff
Definition
Term
Huguenots
Definition

member of the Reformed or Calvinistic communion of

 France inthe 16th and 17th centuries; a french Protestant.

Term
Edict of Nantes
Definition

law, promulgated by Henry IV in1598, granting 

considerable religious and civil liberty to theHuguenots: 

revoked by Louis XIV in 1685

Term
Spanish Inquisition
Definition

Under state control from 1480 to 1834,marked by the 

extreme severity and cruelty of its proceedings inthe 16th century.

Term
Anglican Church
Definition

The Church of England and those churches that are in 

communionwith it and each other and that share essentially 

its doctrines andorder, as the Church of Ireland, 

the Episcopal Church of Scotland,the Church of Wales, 

and the Protestant Episcopal Church in theU.S.

Term
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
Definition

massacre of over 3000 Huguenots, instigated by Catherine 

deMédicis and begun in Paris on St. Bartholomew's Day,

 August 24,1572.

Term
Henry VIII
Definition

With the supportof his ParliamentHe established himself as

 head of theChristian Church in England, in place of the pope

after the poperefused to allow his marriage to

 Catherine of Aragon to bedissolved. Since that time, 

except for a few years of rule underHenry's daughter 

Mary I, who was a Roman CatholicEngland hasbeen officially a Protestant nation.

Term
1588
Definition
English defeat of Spanish Armada 
Term
Thirty Years War
Definition
One of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe. Naval warfare also reached overseas and shaped the colonial formation of future nations.
Term
Bloody Mary
Definition
Mary Tudor, queen of England 1553-58, who earned her epithet for vigorous prosecution ofProtestants.
Term
Elizabeth I
Definition

She established the Church of England(1559) and put an

 end to Catholic plots, notably by executing 

Mary Queen of Scots (1587) and defeating the 

Spanish Armada(1588). Her reign was notable 

for commercial growth, maritimeexpansion, and 

the flourishing of literature, music, andarchitecture

Term
Tudors
Definition

A family that ruled England from the late fifteenth century 

until thebeginning of the seventeenth century. 

Queen Elizabeth I was Tudor.

 After the death of Elizabeth, who had no heirs, 

the crown passed to the Stuarts of Scotland.

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