Term
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Definition
Californians Like Girls in String Bikinis
Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum -- free nerve endings
Spinosum -- Langerhans
Basalis -- melanocytes, Merkel cells |
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Term
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Definition
sebacous -- holocrine!!
eccrine -- sweat
apocrine -- odor (axilla, groin, areaolae) |
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Term
composition of...
-- zona occludens
-- zona adherens
-- macula adherens
-- gap junction |
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Definition
tight junction -- claudins, occludins
intermediate junction -- E-adherins, actin
desmosome -- cadherins, intermediate filaments (i.e. keratin), desmoplakin
gap -- connexon |
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Term
| things in basement membrane |
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Definition
| laminin, fibronectin, collagen |
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Term
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Definition
| MCL, ACL, medial meniscus |
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Term
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Definition
S A ; suprascap n.
I E ; suprascap n
T E and adducts; axillary n
S I and adducts; subscapular n |
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Term
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Definition
Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle (thumb to pinky; up to thumb to pinky)
Scaphoid
Lunate
T
Pisiform
T
T
Capitate
Hamate |
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Term
| nursemaid's elbow -- what is it, what's injured |
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Definition
radial head subluxation
annular ligament is torn and displaced |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| radial pulse disappears when moving head toward one side |
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Definition
| thoracic outlet syndrome (IPSI) |
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Term
| thenar and hypothenar muscles |
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Definition
OAF
opposition
aBduction
flexion |
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Term
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Definition
obturator n (L2-4)
thigh adduction
medial thigh sensation |
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Term
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Definition
femoral (L2-4)
thigh flexion, leg extension
anterior thigh and medial leg (saphenous n.) |
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Term
| trauma to lateral leg or fibula neck |
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Definition
common peroneal (L4-S2)
PED -- eversion (superficial), dorsiflexion (deep)
anterolateral leg and dorsal/medial foot (1st web space -- deep) |
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Term
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Definition
tibial n (L4-S2)
TIP -- inversion, plantarflexion
sole of foot |
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Term
| posterior hip dislocation or polio |
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Definition
superior gluteal (L4-S1) -- medius, minimus
thigh abduction (Trendelenburg sign -- CONTRA hip drops when standing on lesioned leg) |
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Term
| posterior hip dislocation |
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Definition
inferior gluteal (L5-S2) -- maximus
thigh extension, lateral rotation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| on cell membrane, voltage-gated |
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Term
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Definition
| on SR, connected to dihydropyridine receptor |
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Term
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Definition
A band -- dArk -- myosin + actin
I band -- lIght -- actin only
H band -- myosin only
M line -- myosin attaches
Z line -- actin attaches |
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Term
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Definition
Ca binds troponin C
troponin C moves tropomyosin off actin
myosin can bind actin
kick out Pi = power stroke
bind ATP = myosin let's go |
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Term
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Definition
Ca binds calmodulin
calmodlin activates MLCK
phosphorylated myosin CONTRACTS
NO --> cGMP --> MLC phosphatase --> removes phosphate group from MLC --> relaxes |
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Term
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Definition
"one slow red ox"
type 1 -- slow twitch, red fiber (lots of mitochondria), postural muscles |
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Term
| median nerve travels between |
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Definition
| flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus |
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Term
| which artery travels with radial n? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| constitutive FGFR3 activation inhibits chondrocyte prolif!! |
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Term
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Definition
osteoporosis -- increased bone resorption
type I - postmenopausal, prolactinoma --> low estrogen
type II - senile
normal labs |
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Term
| marrow filled by primary spongiosa, Erlenmeyer flask bones |
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Definition
osteopetrosis -- decreased bone resorption
nomal labs |
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Term
| excessive osteoid, widened osteoid seams |
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Definition
osteomalacia/rickets -- Vit D def --> defective mineralization/calcification
low Vit D --> low Ca/PO4 --> high PTH |
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Term
| mosaic bone pattern, "cement lines", chalk-stick fractures |
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Definition
Paget's -- increased osteoclast activity --> increased osteoblast activity
high alk phos
osteogenic sarcoma!! |
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Term
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Definition
osteitis firosa cystica -- high PTH --> cystic bone spaced filled with brown fibrous tissue
high PTH --> high Ca/low PO4 |
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Term
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Definition
precocious puberty
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia -- bone replaced fibroblasts, collagen, irregular bony trabeculae
pigmentation (cafe au lait) |
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Term
| #1 determinant of bone density |
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Definition
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Term
| marker of osteoblast activity |
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Definition
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Term
| TRAP+, multinucleate cell |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
RANKL, M-CSF from osteoblast
OPG is RANKL decoy!! |
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Term
| "double bubble" or "soap bubble" |
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Definition
osteoclastoma = giant cell tumor
benign
epiphyseal
spindle shaped cells, giant cells! |
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Term
| outgrowth of bone + cartilage cap |
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Definition
osteochondroma = exostosis
benign
metaphysis |
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Term
| Codman's triangle, sunburst pattern |
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Definition
osteosarcoma = osteogenic sarcoma
malignant
metaphysis
Paget's, infarcts, radiation, familial retinoblastoma -- most common primary malignant bone tumor!! |
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Term
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Definition
Ewing's sarcoma
malignant
diaphysis
anaplastic small blue cell (chemo!)
t(11;22) |
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Term
| expansile glistening mass in medullary cavity |
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Definition
chondrosarcoma
malignant cartilaginous tumor
diaphysis |
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Term
| Heberden's nodes vs. Bouchard's nodes |
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Definition
Heberden's -- DIP
Bouchard's -- PIP |
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Term
| which side more osteoarthritis? |
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Definition
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Term
| random hydroxychloroquine side effect |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
RA, behind knee
can mimic DVT?! |
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Term
| Boutonniere deformity vs. Swan-neck deformity |
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Definition
Boutonniere -- PIP up!! (tented finger)
Swan-neck -- PIP down (straight-ish finger) |
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Term
| RA antibodies; what type of hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
RF
anti-CCP!!
type III hypersensitivity |
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Term
| Sjogren's vs. sicca syndrome |
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Definition
BOTH -- dry eyes, dry mouth
Sjogren's -- arthritis
Sicca -- dry nose/vaginal, chronic bronchitis, reflux esophagitis, NO arthritis!! |
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Term
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Definition
parotid enlargement
B-cell lymphoma |
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Term
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Definition
monosodium urate -- needle-shaped, negatively birefringent -- yellow, parallel
von Gierke's disease (lactic acid competes for renal excretion!!)
after large meal or alcohol (alcohol metabolites compete for renal excretion!!) |
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Term
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Definition
| calcium pyrophosphate -- rhomboid, positively birefringent |
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Term
| positive vs. negatively birefringent |
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Definition
positive -- yellow perpendicular, blue parallel
negative -- blue perpendicular, yellow parallel |
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Term
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Definition
| Staph aureus, Strep, Neisseria gonorrhea (STD = Synovitis, Tenosynovitis, Dermatitis = pustules) |
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Term
| sero-negative spondyloarthopathies |
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Definition
PAIR
Psoriatic -- dactylitis ("sausage fingers"), "pencil-in-cup"
Ankylosing spondylitis -- bamboo spine; assoc with uveitis, aortic regurg 2/2 ascending aortitis!!, peripheral enthesopathies (can ffect ostovertebral/costosternal junctions --> hypoventilation --> measure CHEST EXPANSION!!)
IBD
Reactive arthritis -- post-GI or chlamydia |
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Term
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Definition
F, fatigue, weight loss
hilar adenopathy
Raynaud's |
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Term
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Definition
erythema nodosum, Bell's palsy
Schaumann (Ca and protein inclusions in giant cells) and asteroid (fireworks!) bodies
uveoparotits
hypercalcemia 2/2 activated macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
pain and stiffness in shoulders/hips
NO weakness, normal CK
temporal arteritis |
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Term
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Definition
symmetric, proximal weakness
CD8+ T cell induced injury to myofibers!
high CK, aldolase |
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Term
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Definition
Gottron papules (MCPs, IPs -- looks psoriasis-like)
perifascicular atrophy
increased malignancy risk |
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Term
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Definition
curare -- competes with ACh
hemicholinium -- blocks choline reuptake --> ACh depletion |
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Term
| diffuse scleroderma vs. CREST |
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Definition
diffuse -- rapid progression, early visceral involvement
CREST -- more benign |
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Term
parakeratosis
acanthosis
spongiosis |
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Definition
parakeratosis -- hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei
acanthosis -- epidermal hyperplasia (of spinosum)
spongiosis -- epidermal accum of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| freckle -- increased melanin pigment |
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Term
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Definition
type IV hypersenstivity
spongiosis histology (like early eczema!!) |
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Term
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Definition
acanthosis, parakeratosis, decreased statum granulosum
Auspitz sign -- bleeding spots when scales scraped off
Munro abscesses -- stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
pigmented epithelial prolif with keratin-filled cysts (horn cysts)
"pasted on"
Leser-Trelat -- a bunch suddenly = malignancy!! |
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Term
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Definition
albinism -- decreased melanin production
vitiligo -- decreased melanocytes (the actual cells go away!!) |
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Term
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Definition
| hyperpig associated with pregnancy or OCPs (mask of pregnancy!!) |
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Term
where is the problem?
impetigo
cellulitis
necrotizing fasciitis
SSSS |
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Definition
impetigo -- superficial
cellulitis -- dermis, SQ tissue
necrotizing fasciits -- deep!!
SSSS -- stratum granulosum!!! |
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Term
| pemphigus vulgaris vs. bullous pemphigoid |
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Definition
PV -- desmisomes, intraepidermial bullae, skin AND mucoa, + Nikolsky's sign
BP -- hemidesmisomes, subepithelial bullae, skin ONLY, - Nikolsky's sign, eosinophils!! |
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Term
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Definition
| pruritis papules/vesicles on extensor surfaces; IgA deposits and microabscesses at dermal papillae |
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Term
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Definition
infection (Mycoplasma pneumo, HSV), drugs (sulfa, beta-lactams, phenytoin), cancer, auto-immune
target cells; multiple forms |
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Term
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Definition
Pruritis
Purple
Polygonal
Papules
sawtooth infiltrate of lymphs
hep C |
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Term
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Definition
small, rough, papules with central scale
sandpaper feel
cutaneous honr |
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Term
| random thing associated with acanthosis nigricans |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
inflam lesions of SQ fat! on shins
fungi (coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis), mycobacteria (TB, leprosy), Strep, sarcoidosis |
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Term
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Definition
| squamous cell carcinoma variant that grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously!! |
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Term
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Definition
| dark cells with palisading nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
prepatella -- "housemaid's knee"
anserine -- medial knee; atheletes, large body habitus
popliteal/gastrocnemius -- Baker's cysts |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| butt shots -- where to give, where not to give and why?! |
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Definition
good -- superolateral
superomedial --> superior gluteal n. (Trendelenburg sign)
inferomedial --> sciatic n. |
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Term
| most rapid and complete relief of RA symtpoms |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| superficial dermal edema, lymphatic dilation, NO epidermal changes |
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Term
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Definition
| medial circumflex artery damage --> avascular necrosis (provides majority of blood to femoral head and neck) |
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Term
| subperiosteal thinning of bones |
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Definition
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