Term
| A virus is approximately 50 times smaller than a bacteria:A helminth is approximately 1000000 times bigger than a virus:Some protozoans and helminths are approximately the same size |
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Definition
Which of the following definitions most accurately describes a relationship in which both partners benefit from the association?
mutalism |
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Term
| Skin is part of the innate immune response:T cells are part of the acquired immune response:Phagocytes are part of the innate immune response |
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Definition
| The phagocyte displays bits of the destroyed pathogen on its surface, to stimulate the acquired immune response.:The pathogen is engulfed by pseudopodia:Defensins are small proteins which kill bacteria within the phagocyte |
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Term
| Neutrophils move out of the blood to the site of infection within the tissue.:There is increased blood supply at the site of inflammation.:Mast cells, at the site of injury, release histamine, which causes vasodilation. |
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Definition
| Acquired immunity is important because there is memory associated with this response, which means that upon subsequent exposure to the same antigen, there is a faster and greater response. |
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Term
T cell receptors have one antigen binding site.:Tc cells have thousands of T cell receptors on their surface and display CD8 glycoproteins on their surface too.:Helper T cells have CD4 on their surface
When fully activated, B cells differentiate into clones of plasma cells, which produce antibodies, and clones of memory cells. |
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Definition
Helper T cells have CD4 on their surface, which binds to MHC II on the surface of an antigen presenting cell.
Helper T cells bind to antigen presenting cells via: interaction of the T cell receptors with the displayed antigen on MHC II and the interaction between the CD4 on the helper T cell with MHC II...
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Term
| On current evidence it is believed that diseases such as BSE and nvCJD are caused by proteinacous infective particle |
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Definition
| The primary immune response originates from naive B-cells:The primary immune response takes over a week to become effective.:The secondary immune response can originate from memory B-cells:The primary immune response is slower than the secondary immune response.:The secondary response to an antigen lasts longer than the primary immune response |
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Term
Tc cells are activated by antigen presented by an infected or cancerous cell.
CD8 on the surface of Tc cells interacts with MHC I on the surface of self cells. CD4 on the surface of helper T cells interacts wtih MHC II on the surface of antigen presenting cells. |
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Definition
Clonal selection refers to the antigen-driven cloning of lymphocytes.
Antibodies opsonise pathogens, which facilitates phagocytosis.:Antibodies enable precipitation of soluble antigens, which facilitates phagocytosis.:Antibodies recruit complement proteins, which enables production of a membrane attack complex, which results in lysis of the pathogen.
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Term
| Tc cells release perforins and granzymes which destroy the infected cell.:Tc cell receptors bind to antigen displayed on the surface of infected cells.:Infected cells display processed antigen molecules on their surface via MHC I:CD8 on the surface of the Tc cell binds to MHC I on the surface of the infected cell. |
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Definition
Helper T cells are vitally important in the acquired immune response because they enable full activation of both the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
In order to bind to the surface of a cell, the HIV virus protein gp120 binds to CD4 on the surface of the cell.
Gp 41 on the surface of the HIV virus, is a transmembrane protein. |
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Term
| The outside of the HIV virus consists of a lipid bilayer.:HIV gp41 binds to CXCR4 or CCR5 on the surface of the cell to be infected, which mediates fusion of the virus with the cell.:People with defective coreceptors (CCR5 or CXCR4) are resistant to HIV infection. |
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Definition
| Adult schistosome worms are dioecious :S. haematobium lives in the vesical plexus surrounding the bladder and causes urinary schistosomiasis :Human schistosomiasis is an immunopathological disease |
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Term
For nematode parasites intensity of infection is important not prevalence:N. americanus requires a transpulmonary migration phase
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Definition
Which of these species of trypanosome is most likely to cause Human Sleeping Sickness?
Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense |
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Term
Sequestration by the malarial parasite is responsible for which of the following clinical symptoms of malaria?
cerebral malaria |
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Definition
| Merozoites are the life cycle stage of Plasmodium responsible for invading red blood cells:Sporozoites are the life cycle stage of Plasmodium responsible for invading liver cells:Malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes |
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