Term
| four main causes of confluent opacification of a hemithorax |
|
Definition
| consolidation, or material within the air-spaces, pleural effusion - or material within the pleural space, which could be serous fluid, blood, or pus. Complete collapse of one lung with the mediastinum shifting over the the abnormal side can also cause a "white out" on the abnormal side, as in this case. Finally, after a pneumonectomy the mediastinum shifts to the empty hemithorax and the residual pleural space fills with fluid and fibrotic material leaving the patient with a complete "white out" on the side that has been operated on. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isolated right-sided pleural effusions commonly occur with |
|
Definition
| cirrhosis, peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), subphrenic or intrahepatic abscess, amebic liver abscess, Echinococcosis infection, liver transplantation, Meigs syndrome, or catamenial hemothorax (thoracic endometriosis). |
|
|
Term
| Isolated left-sided effusions occur with |
|
Definition
| esophageal rupture, pancreatic disease, subphrenic or splenic abscess, splenic infarction, diaphragmatic hernia, pericardial disease, or coronary artery bypass surgery. |
|
|
Term
| In the anterior mediastinum the most common malignancies are known as |
|
Definition
| the four T's; teratoma, thymoma, thyroid masses, and terrible lymphomas. |
|
|
Term
| When to image pylonephritis |
|
Definition
| Uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis does not require imaging. However, imaging is indicated in diabetes, analgesic abuse, neuropathic bladder, history of urinary tract stones and frequent recurrences |
|
|
