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- discovered x-radiation
- 1st nobel prize in physics |
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| - transfer of light through space |
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Definition
| - form of electromagnetic radiation |
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Definition
- oscillating electric and magnetic fields moving through space at right angles to each other
- radio, micro, infared, ultraviolet, gamma |
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- energy carried by radiation
- "light" |
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Definition
| - distance btwn peaks in a wave |
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Definition
| - number of waves hat pass a point in a unit of time |
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Definition
| - high frequency/short wavelength |
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Definition
- radiation with enough energy to knock electrons off an atom
- x-rays, gamma rays, UV radiation |
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Definition
- no mass/charge
- very short wavelengths/ high frequencies
- can ionize atoms |
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Definition
- tungsten filament heated, electrons move away from nuclei
- electrons drawn across x-ray tube at high speed (cathode --> anode)
- electrons collide w/target, converting kinetic energy into EM radiation |
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| - boiled off electron cloud around filament |
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Term
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Definition
| Potential difference measure in... |
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Term
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Definition
| tube current measured in... |
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Definition
- electrons focused to point at anode by molybdenum focusing cup
- electrons slow/stop at target, converting kinetic energy --> EM |
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Definition
| - length of time electrons move across tube (exposure time) measured in... |
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Definition
- not produced continuously
- in discrete impulses
- 60/second |
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Definition
- electron shell closest to nucleus
- greatest binding energy |
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Term
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Definition
- holds electrons in orbit around nucleus
- greatest for K shell closest to nucleus |
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Term
| Electrons interaction with Tungsten |
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Definition
- Brehmsstrahlung radiation
- Characteristic radiation |
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Term
| Brehmsstrahlung radiation |
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Definition
- "brakes" "radiation" auf Deutsch
- electrons approach nucleus and slow down as they fling around it
- kinetic --> EM |
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Term
| Brehmsstrahlung radiation |
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Definition
- 85-90% of x-rays produced through this
- wide range of energies because electrons slow at various rates depending on angle to nucleus
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Term
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Definition
- electron hits k shell electron and knows it out
- electron from l shell fills spot in k shell and creates energy
- energy = difference in binding energies = photons in x-ray range
- one energy level
- 10-15% x-rays |
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Definition
| - characteristic of element since binding energies differ in different elements |
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- one energy level
- characteristic radiation |
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- multiple energy levels
- Brehmsstrahlung radiation |
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| - lighter w/less x-rays hitting target |
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- glass envelope
- electron stream
- tungsten filament
- cathode (-)
- anode (+)
- focusing cup |
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