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Radiography Midterm Flash Cards
POSI MIDTERM
70
Medical
Undergraduate 1
10/19/2009

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Term
IR
Definition
Image Receptor-Device that receives the energy of the x-ray beam and forms the image of the body part.
Term
Superimposition
Definition
Size
Shape
Position
Angulation
Term
Optical Density
Definition
Degree of film blackening.
Term
mAs
Definition
Millamperage (mA)
Exposure Time (s)seconds
Term
Contrast
Definition
Difference in density between any two areas on a radiograph.
Term
Low contrast image
Definition
Long scale. Displays many density levels (gray)
Term
High-contrast image
Definition
Displays few density levels (B&W)
Term
Recorded Detail
a) definition
b) controlled by
Definition
a) Ability to visualize small structures on a radiograph.

b) Geometry, Film, IP Phosphor,Flat Panel Detector (DR), Distance, Screen, Focal Spot Size
Motion
Term
Posteroanterior (PA)
Definition
Anterior aspect of patient is closest to the IR
Term
Anteroposterior
Definition
Posterior aspect of the patient is closest to IR
Term
a)8x10
b)10x12
c) 11x14
d) 14x17
Definition
a) 18x24
b) 24x30
c) 30x35
d) 35x43
Term
C1
Definition
Mastoid tip
Term
C2-C3
Definition
Gonion a.k.a. mandibular angle
Term
C3-C4
Definition
Hyoid bone
Term
C5
Definition
Thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple)
Term
C7-T1
Definition
Vertebra prominens
Term
T1
Definition
Approx 2" above jugular notch
Term
T2-T3
Definition
Jugular notch
Term
T4-T5
Definition
Sternal angle
Term
T7
Definition
Inferior angle of the scapulae
Term
T9-T10
Definition
Xiphoid Process
Term
L2-L3
Definition
Inferior costal margin
Term
L4-L5
Definition
Most superior aspect of the Illiac Crest
Term
S1-S2
Definition
ASIS Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Term
Coccyx
Definition
Pubic Synthesis or Greater Trochanter
Term
Sthenic
Definition
Average 50%
Term
Hyposthenic
Definition
Smaller 35%
Term
Asthenic
Definition
Tiny 10%
Term
Bones
Definition
206 in the body
Axial 80
Appendicular 126
Term
Compact Bone
Definition
Strong, dense outer layer. Protection for the bone.
Term
Spongy Bone
Definition
Inner portion containing trabeculae filled with red (RBC, WBC) marrow and yellow (fat)marrow.
Term
Medullary Cavity
Definition
Central cavity of long bones, contains trabeculae filled w/ yellow marrow. Red marrow of long bones concentrated at the ends of the bones.
Term
Periostenum
Definition
Tough, fibrous connective tissue covering bony surfaces. Blood vessels and nerves enter through .
Term
Endostenum
Definition
Tissue lining medullary cavity
Term
Foramen/Foramina
Definition
Nutrient passage to the bone
Term
Long bones
Definition
-Limbs
-Support
-Long cylindrical body, two enlarged articular rounded ends
Term
Short Bones
Definition
-Wrist and ankle
-Cancellous bone containing red marrow
-Min. flexibilit
Term
Flat Bones
Definition
-2 tables/plates of compact bone
-Protection
-Muscle Attachment
-Cranium, scapula, sternum
Term
Irregular Bones
Definition
-Attachment for muscles
-Create joints
-Vertebrae, pelvic bones and facial bones
Term
Sesamoid Bones
Definition
-Small, oval-shaped bones
Term
Synarthroses
Definition
Immovable joints
Term
Ampharthroses Joints
Definition
Slightly movable joints
Term
Radiography of the 2nd-5th Digits:
CR position
Definition
I w/ PIP joint
Term
Radiography of the Thumb:
CR position
Definition
I w/ MCP joint
Term
Radiography of the Hand (PA/Oblique):
CR position
Definition
I w/ 3rd MCP
Term
Radiography of the Hand (Lateral):
CR position
Definition
I w/ the 2nd MCP
Term
Radiography of the Wrist (PA):
Fingers curled to ___________.
Definition
Place carpals closer to casstte, deceases OID
Term
Radiography of the Wrist (PA Oblique):
Best projection to demonstrate __________.
Definition
Scaphoid and trapezium.
Term
Radiography of the Forearm (AP):
Humeral epicondyles _________ with the plane of cassette.
Definition
Parallel.
Term
Radiography of the Elbow(Lateral/Lateromedial):
Places ______ _____ in profile.
Definition
Olecranon Process
Term
Radiography of the Elbow (Medial):
Places ______ _____ in profile.
Definition
Coranoid Process.
Term
Radiography of the Forearm (Lateral):
Humeral epicondyles _________ with the plane of cassette.
Definition
Perpendicular.
Term
Radiography of the Elbow(AP):
Humeral epicondyles _________ with the plane of cassette.
Definition
Parallel.
Term
Radiography of the Elbow(Lateral):
Humeral epicondyles _________ with the plane of cassette.
Definition
Perpendicular.
Term
Radiography of the Elbow(Medial rotation):
a) Places humeral epicondyles __° with the IR.
b)Best projection to demonstrate ____ ____ in profile.
Definition
a) 45°, medially
b) Coranoid Process
Term
Radiography of the Elbow(Lateral rotation):
a) Places humeral epicondyles __° ____ with the IR.
b)Best projection to demonstrate ____, ____ and ____ in profile.
Definition
a) 45°, laterally
b) Radial head, neck and tuberosity
Term
Radiography of the Humerus (AP and Lateral):
a)Top of film should be ____ above humeral head.
Definition
1½"
Term
Radiography of the Humerus (AP):
Best projection to demonstrate the ______ head and the ______ tubercle in profile.
Definition
radial, greater
Term
Radiography of the Humerus (Lateral):
a)Best projection to demonstrate the ______ tubercle in profile.
b)Hand rests on _____.
Definition
a)Lesser
b)Hip
Term
Radiography of the Shoulder (AP Internal, External, Neutral): a)CR perpendicular to _" ____ to the ____ ____.
Definition
1" Inferior, Coracoid Process
Term
Radiography of the Shoulder (AP External, Neutral, Internal):
Best demonstrates:
Definition
External-Greater Tubercle
Neutral-
Internal-Lesser Tubercle
Term
Radiography of the Shoulder (AP External, Neutral, Internal):
Places epicondyles in ______ to plane of IR.
Definition
External-Parallel
Neutral-45°< to the plane of IR
Internal-Perpendicular
Term
Radiography of the Shoulder (AP External, Neutral, Internal):
Center shoulder to ________ of grid
Definition
Midline
Term
Radiography of the Shoulder (AP External, Neutral, Internal):
IR Size
Definition
10x12 crosswise
Term
Radiography of the Shoulder Joint (Inferosuperial Axial Method)
CR Position
Definition
15°-30° medially (depending on degree of abduction of arm)
Term
Radiography of the Shoulder Joint (PA Oblique aka "Scapular Y")
Anterior dislocations/Posterior dislocations
Definition
Anterior dislocations-Humeral head projected inferior to coracoid process
Posterior dislocations-Humeral head projected inferior to acromion process
Term
Radiography of the Clavicle (AP):
Respiration
Definition
Suspend at the end of exhalation
Term
Radiography of the Clavicle (AP Axial-Lordotic/Supine):
a)Respiration
Definition
a)Suspend at the end of full inspiration
Term
Radiography of the Scapula (AP):
a)Respiration
b)CR Position
Definition
a)Shallow breathing
b)Midscapular, approx 2" inferior to coracoid process.
Term
Radiography of the Scapula (RAO/LAO):
Scapula placed ______ to bucky.
Definition
Parallel.
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