Term
Rosabeth MossKanter’s classic study of organizational structure indicated that
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Definition
| the stressful effects of tokenism on women and minorities can have very negative consequences |
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Term
| Rosabeth Moss Kanter's study of organizational structure indicated that: |
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Definition
| The stressful effects of tokenism on women and minorities can have very negative consequences |
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Term
| What does Ritzer believe is the danger of McDonaldization for society? |
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Definition
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Term
| George Ritzer referred to the impact of the problems and peculiarities of bureaucracy on society overall as the _____. |
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Definition
| “McDonaldization of society |
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Term
| In his study of the effect of size on group dynamics, Simmel found that |
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Definition
| a triad is an unstable social grouping, whereas dyads are relatively stable. |
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Term
| Cooley’s concept of primary groups |
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Definition
| has been elaborated to include a variety of intimate relationships in groups. |
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Term
| Which of the following statements is true about the differences between primary and secondary groups? |
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Definition
| Secondary groups are less intimate than primary groups. |
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Term
| Solomon Asch's conformity experiment focused upon the: |
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Definition
| Distorting pressure of group influence |
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Term
| Erwin Goffman referred to coercive organizations as: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The Chicago School sociologist who introduced the concept of the primary group |
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Term
| Which early sociological theorist analyzed the classic characteristics of bureaucracy ( 'ideal type') was: |
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Definition
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Term
| Thomas Pettigrew’s summary of research on attribution theory found that |
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Definition
| individuals commonly distort the motives and acts of people whom they see as out-group members. |
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Term
| Total institutions were described by Goffman as |
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Definition
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Term
The tragic cases of the Challenger and the Colombia are used to illustrate the point that
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Definition
| Rigid conformity within an organization can be very dangerous. |
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Term
| Recent research indicates that the “old boy network” has |
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Definition
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Term
| Attribution error refers to a situation in which one |
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Definition
| falsely attributes a person’s behavior to membership in a particular group |
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Term
| Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is false? |
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Definition
| The informal culture of bureaucracy works to make all employees feel more connected and included. |
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Term
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Definition
| effects how we dress and how we style our hair. |
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Term
| Which of the following illustrates a common type of attribution error? |
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Definition
| All of these are illustrations of attribution error. |
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Term
| Which of the following is an example of a dyad? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency for group members to reach a consensus opinion, even if that decision is downright stupid |
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Term
| "Individuals subordinated to systems of power experience stress and alienation as a result." This statement most closely reflects: |
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Definition
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Term
| Primary groups are a major influence on: (2) |
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Definition
| -your social life -important source of social control |
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Term
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Definition
| Rigid adherence to rules that produces a slavish conformity, whether or not it accomplishes the purpose for which the rule was originally designed |
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Term
| The PTA, the Kiwanis Club, and political parties are all examples of: |
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Definition
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Term
| "McDonaldization of society" |
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Definition
| the impact of the problems and peculiarities of bureaucracy on society overall (George Ritzer) |
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Term
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Definition
| The most convincing explanation as to what causes risky shifts |
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Term
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Definition
| A group is two or more individuals who interact, share goals and norms, and have a subjective awareness as “we. |
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Term
| The Humane Society, the Kiwanis Club, and church groups are examples of _____ organizations. |
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Definition
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Term
| The study of formal organizations requires _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Sociologists have found that primary groups |
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Definition
| fulfill a person’s expressive needs |
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Term
| Sociologists have found that the informal structure of an organization |
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Definition
| develops as a means of humanizing the workplace. |
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Term
| Which of the following is false about the formation of social networks? |
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Definition
| Networks are must often formed in very conscious and formal ways |
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Term
| Which perspective is most likely to focus on the fact that individuals experience stress and alienation as a result of being subordinated within a formal organization? |
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Definition
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Term
| Overall, the primary organizational principle that motivates McDonaldization is _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Studies done in the 1930s at the Hawthorne, Illinois, Western Electric telephone plant found that |
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Definition
All of these choices are true.
workers developed their own norms for how much work should be accomplished each day
workers may be punished by their fellow workers for being too productive.
informal structures within an organization may increase or decrease productivity |
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Term
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Definition
All of these choices are true.
created by the existence of an in-group.
perceived negatively by members of an in-group.
likely to have behavior interpreted in a negative way |
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Term
| Sociologists have found that |
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Definition
| all total institutions are coercive organizations. |
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Term
| The distinction between in-groups and out-groups was first developed by which sociologist? |
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Definition
| The distinction between in-groups and out-groups was first developed by which sociologist? |
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Term
| When asked to administer potentially harmful shocks to other people in a research setting, most people will |
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Definition
| give whatever strength of electric shock they are asked to, regardless of the risk to another person. |
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Term
| Which of these statements about reference groups is false? |
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Definition
| reference groups always provide good role models |
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Term
| _____ are smaller and more intimate than _____. |
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Definition
| Primary groups; secondary groups |
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Term
| Despite being warned of danger, NASA scientists proceeded with the launch of the space shuttle Challenger that exploded during launch. Sociological analysis of this situation finds it was caused by |
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Definition
| a combination of risky shift and organizational ritualism. |
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Term
| The sociological term for a set of links between individuals or between other social groups is _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to research, which of the following is most likely to lead to getting a job |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not a characteristic common to most cases of groupthink? |
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Definition
| an understanding of one’s weaknesses |
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