Term
|
Definition
| Chemical, Generic and Trade® or Brand Name |
|
|
Term
| Classifications for medications |
|
Definition
-Therapeutic Class
-Pharmacologic Class
-Other
*Pregnancy Category
*Controlled Substance Schedule |
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|
Term
| Preparations for medications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Oral (PO)
Sublingual (SL)
Buccal
Topical
Enteral
Parenteral (IM, IV) |
|
|
Term
| Systems of Medication Distribution |
|
Definition
Unit-dose system
Automated medication-dispensing system
Bar code medication administration
Self-administered medication system |
|
|
Term
| Medication/Physician Orders: Types of Orders |
|
Definition
Routine or Standing Orders
PRN Orders
Standing Protocols
One-Time Orders
STAT Orders
Telephone and FAX Orders
Verbal Orders
Electronic Orders |
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|
Term
| Medication Order: Components |
|
Definition
Patient, Date, Time
Medication Name
Medication Dosage
Route of Administration
Frequency
Time
Purpose or
Special Considerations
Signature |
|
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Term
|
Definition
What the body does to the medication
What medication does to the body
Different forms of medications.
Different routes for administering medication. |
|
|
Term
| Principles of Drug Action |
|
Definition
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Movement of drug into the bloodstream
Affected by
Route of Administration
Form
Drug Solubility
Body Surface (Local vs. Systemic)
Food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Drug transport to sites of action
Factors affecting distribution:
Circulatory System
Amount bound to protein
Tissue specificity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biotransformation: chemical conversion of drug into metabolites that can be excreted
The slower the metabolism, the greater the risk of toxicity
Factors affecting metabolism
Liver Function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Elimination of the drug
Primarily through the kidneys
Also through lungs, bowel, sweat, mammary glands |
|
|
Term
| Factors affecting Pharacokenetics |
|
Definition
Age
Weight
Environment
Pathological States
Genetic Factors
Psychological Factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Therapeutic Effects
*Indication
*Action
-Adverse Effects (Adverse Drug Event)
*Side Effects
*Tolerance
*Allergic Reactions
Anaphylactic
*Toxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
MAO Inhibitors and Tyramine
Coumadin and Green Leafy Vegetables
Milk
Grapefruit
Potassium
Full or Empty Stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Information Collected During Initial Assessment
Medication History
Medication Reconciliation
Allergies and Intolerances
Medical History
Pregnancy and Lactation
Teratogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assessment before Medication Administration
Physician’s Orders
Medication Record
Diet and Fluid Orders
Laboratory Values
Physical Assessment
Ability to Swallow
Gastrointestinal Motility
Body System Assessment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
TRAMP
Time
Route
Amount
Medication
Person
Evaluation
Documentation |
|
|
Term
| Medication Administration Safety |
|
Definition
Medication Reconciliation
Culture of Safety/Standardized Communication
Ask another nurse to check the order
Take vitals, check labs (don’t delegate)
Know and use your resources
Contact the physician for clarification, concerns, questions
Consult the pharmacist
Know what can be crushed, opened
Watch for drugs with similar names
Evaluate Response to Medication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Watch for HIGH ALERT medications
Watch for patients with similar names
Seven Rights
Three Checks
Identify patient using two Identifiers
Check for allergies
Honor patient’s concerns
Document |
|
|
Term
| What to do if you commit a Medication Error |
|
Definition
Check the patient
Consult a drug reference source for side effects to the medication
Identify type of error
Notify nurse manager or supervisor
Notify physician and obtain orders
Document
Incident Report
Full disclosure to patient |
|
|
Term
| The Elderly and Medications |
|
Definition
Physiologic Changes
Mechanical/Cognitive
Polypharmacy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Risk for injury related to reactions to drug therapy and impact of cultural, racial, and/or ethnic factors on pharmacokinetics
Assess for
Leaders in the family or community
Health beliefs and practices
Past use of medicine
Use of herbal treatments, folk remedies, or supplements
Dietary habits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Applied directly to body surface/body cavities
Skin, Instillation, Inhalation
Local Effects
Lotions, Creams, Ointments
Eye, Ear
Local and Systemic Effects
Inhalations, Vaginal, Rectal , Nasal
Systemic Effects
Transdermal Patches |
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