Term
| What virus is responsible for pseudorabies? |
|
Definition
| -pseudorabies virus or suid herpesvirus 1 |
|
|
Term
| What clinical signs are associated with pseudorabies? |
|
Definition
-vomiting, anorexia, depression, incoordination with most recovering
-if prenant, 50% will abort and have increased incidence of SMEDI |
|
|
Term
| What is pseudorabies known as in cattle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of pseudorabies in cattle? |
|
Definition
| -intense pruritus to the point of frenzy, paralysis of pharynx and salivation, mania, bellowing, convulsions, death occurs within 48 hours of onset of clinical signs |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of pseudorabies in dogs and cats? |
|
Definition
| -intense pruritis of head region, howling, mewing, vomiting, and diarrhea are common but NO aggressive behavior |
|
|
Term
| What kind of virus causes transmissible gastroenteritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which age group of pigs is most affected? |
|
Definition
| -although all ages can be infected, TGE is usually limited to young piglets |
|
|
Term
| Describe the mortality of TGE in young piglets. |
|
Definition
| -can cause 100% mortality in piglets < 1 w old |
|
|
Term
| If adults undergo subclinical TGE infections, why are they clinically relevant? |
|
Definition
-important source of infection for the piglets
-they can shed TGEV for up to 3m after recovery from infection |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of TGE in piglets? |
|
Definition
| -sudden onset of vomiting and yellow, watery, putrid diarrhea containing curdled or undigested milk |
|
|
Term
| How does TGE virus affect the intestines? |
|
Definition
| -infects and kills columnar epithelium at tips of villi of SI resulting in shortened villi |
|
|
Term
| What happens longterm if a piglet survives TGE? |
|
Definition
| -show diarrhea for 5-10 days and will remain stunted until euthanized |
|
|
Term
| What does TGE look like of necropsy? |
|
Definition
| -intestines bloated with gas and contain curdled milk with thin walls that are almost see-through |
|
|
Term
| When do we give TGE vaccines to sows? Why? |
|
Definition
| -during pregnancy so the piglets get immunity via milk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| What kind of virus is responsible for PED? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the morbidity of PED? What about mortality? |
|
Definition
-100% morbidity in a naive herd
-30-100% mortality in neonatal suckling |
|
|
Term
| In naive pigs on a farm with PEDV, all pigs will suddenly develop diarrhea (morbidity ___%) with mortality in suckling piglets ranging from ___-___% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe PED on necropsy. |
|
Definition
| -bloated intestines with thin walls |
|
|
Term
| How does PED appear on histopath? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you submit for PED diagnosis? |
|
Definition
| -live pigs in acute stages of disease |
|
|
Term
| What is the best way to diagnose PED? |
|
Definition
| -FA test on sections of jejunum |
|
|
Term
| How do we differentiate TGE and PED? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the common names for rotavirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cells specifically does rotavirus infect? What does this result in? |
|
Definition
-enterocytes
-infects and destroyes enterocytes causing intestinal malabsorption and maldigestion |
|
|
Term
| Describe the mortality due to rotavirus in sucklings pigs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does PRRS stand for? |
|
Definition
| -Porcine Reproductive Respiratory syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of PRRS? |
|
Definition
| -respiratory disease in growing pigs and SMEDI in adult sows |
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for PRRS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of virus causes PRRS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the pathology of PRRS. |
|
Definition
| -replicates in macrophages in lungs and lymphoid tissues and is shed from all secretions of infected animals, including the semen of infected boars |
|
|
Term
| HOw are pigs diagnosed with PRRS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do we get treat PRRS? |
|
Definition
| -test and slaughter policy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Porcine Postweaning Multisystmic Wasting Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What virus is responsible for PMWS? |
|
Definition
| -porcine circovirus type 2 |
|
|
Term
| PMWS can cause substantial mortality in young pigs Why? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does PCV-2 replicate in the body? Why is this important? |
|
Definition
-replicates in macrophages and lymphoid tissues
-exacerbates infection with other pathogens |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs seen in 8w old pigs due to PMWS? What about in sows? |
|
Definition
-emacieated and have generalized lymphadenopathy
-SMEDI in sows |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does SMEDI stand for? |
|
Definition
-Stillbirth
-Mummified fetuses
-Embryonic
-Deaths
-Infertility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of PPV? |
|
Definition
| -no outward clinical signs in sows, just SMEDI |
|
|
Term
| What specifically happens if a seronegative pregnant sow is exposed oronasally to PPV in the first 70 days of pregnancy? |
|
Definition
-SMEDI
-then may return to estrus or farrow mummified fetuses |
|
|
Term
| What happens if a seronegative sow is oronasally exposed to PPV later than 70 days into gestation? |
|
Definition
| -will farrow normal piglets immune to PPV |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for the disease resulting from Porcine Teschovirus type 1? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of disease results from Porcine Teschovirus type 1? What signs are attributable to it? |
|
Definition
-encephalitis
-opsithotonus, paddling |
|
|
Term
| Where does porcine teschovirus type 1 replicate in the body? |
|
Definition
| -intestinal tract and invades the CNS |
|
|
Term
| What do Teschovirus types 2-7 and 11-13 cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Encephalomyocarditis virus transmitted? |
|
Definition
| -myomorph rodents, especially rats |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of EMV in piglets? What other animals are affected? |
|
Definition
-convulsions and acute heart failure = tiger heart
-Male elephants |
|
|
Term
| Which straines of Swine Influenza Virus are important? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the clinical signs of swine flue. |
|
Definition
| -thumps = coughing with extremely acute onset and high morbidity, fever, anorexia, extreme prostration, labored breathing, deep cough, watery discharge from eyes and nose |
|
|
Term
| Describe the incubation period of swine flu. How long do clinical signs last? |
|
Definition
-short incubation period
-clinical signs last for 3 days |
|
|
Term
| Describe the mortality of swine flu. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of virus causes inclusion body rhinitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What age group of animals causes inclusion body rhinitis? |
|
Definition
| -widespread and infects mainly young pigs < 10w of age |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of inclusion body rhinitis in pigs? |
|
Definition
| -rhinitis and sinusitis and predisposes to atrophic rhinits, sneezing and mucopurulent nasal discharge |
|
|
Term
| Describe the clinical appearance of suipoxvirus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is suipoxirus transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What conditions predispose to suipoxvirus? |
|
Definition
| -filth and poor management |
|
|
Term
| How do we control suipoxvirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of virus causes CSF? Which viral family does it belong to? |
|
Definition
-pestivirus
-Flaviviridae |
|
|
Term
| What is the most important disease of swine worldwide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the morbidity and mortality of CSF. |
|
Definition
| -highly virulent strains can cause morbidity approaching 100% and case fatality rate of 80% |
|
|
Term
| What is the layman's term for Classical Swine Fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of hog cholera? |
|
Definition
| -high fever, depression, conjunctivits, diffuse purplish discoloration (hyperemia) of skin, and nervous signs (circling, convulsions) |
|
|
Term
| How does hog cholera appear on necropsy? |
|
Definition
| -extensive diffuse hemorrhages in virtually all organs with turkey-egg kidneys and necrotic foci in the tonsils and button ulcers in the colon |
|
|
Term
| How is hog cholera transmitted to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IS CSF reportable? If so, why? |
|
Definition
-reportable
-foreign to the US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of virus causes African Swine Fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What other disease does ASF resemble? How do they differ? |
|
Definition
-Hog cholera
-ASF is more severe |
|
|
Term
| Describe the morbidity and mortality of the calssical form of ASF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a few places where ASF occurs. |
|
Definition
| -Africa, Western Europe, Caribbean islands |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical signs of ASF and how long do they last? |
|
Definition
-fever, cyanosis, skin blotching, incoordination, death
-2-3 days |
|
|
Term
| What is the natural reservoir for ASF? |
|
Definition
| -warthogs (healthy carriers) and Argasid tick Ornithodorus moubata |
|
|
Term
| How is ASF transmitted between pigs during an outbreak? |
|
Definition
| -direct contact b/c highly contagious and secreted in all body secretions during disease |
|
|
Term
| How does ASF appear on necropsy? |
|
Definition
-very enlarged friable spleen
-hemorrhages seen in all visceral organs and body cavities
-hemorrhagic lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
| Is ASF reportable? If so, why? |
|
Definition
-yes it is reportable
-foreign to US and huge concern of it getting into Florida |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Transmissible gastroenteritis |
|
|
Term
| What is the only natural host of TGE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -fecal-oral route and by fomites |
|
|
Term
| What is the incubation period for TGE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the seasonality of TGE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe an epidemic outbreak of TGE. |
|
Definition
| -acute outbreak that affects suckling piglets primarily resulting in high mortality, followed by development of immunity in pigs throughout the whole herd |
|
|
Term
| Describe an endemic infection of TGE. |
|
Definition
| -on farms that have experienced the disease and where the herd is large enough to always have a source of infection and a susceptible poulation, b/c most sows are immunig piglets are protected (IgA) for first few weeks as long as they suckle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
=lactogenic immunity in piglets
-vaccinate sows 3-4 weeks before farrowing so IgA can be in milk for piglets |
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