·         fails to accept the null hypothesis, which means accepting the alternative “there is a difference between the …….”

·         is the hypothesis of no difference;  assumes that there are no statistically significant differences between the population groups; the statement upon which statistical analysis is based. 

a process used to verify the conditions of a theory developed through induction; theory is segmented into units that can be observed, measured, and tested independently through experimentation.

the observation of facts and their organization into a method of explaining phenomena in the real world (theory).

a non-experimental type of research that attempts to gather information by describing present conditions

·         (Experimental/Treatment/Intervention): Considered a factor capable of producing a change in the dependent variable.  (Variable that is manipulated and/or controlled by the investigator)

·         (Outcome/Response/Result):  The object of change that is observed and measured; [affected by the manipulation (or lack of) of the independent variable]. 

·         (Confounding): Uncontrolled variables (aspects) that are not related to the purpose of the study, but may influence the dependent variable and therefore influence the outcome of the study.