Term
What is the cyanohemoglobin measurement method?
Which form of Hb is not measured? |
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Definition
Hb converted to hemiglobin cyanide (HiCN) - [ ] measured by spectrophotometry
1.Blood dissolved in K ferricyanide and K cyanide (Hb oxidized to Hemiglobin (Hi;methemoglobin) and then converts to Hemiglobin cyanide (HiCN)
2. Absorbance at 540 nm reflects amount of hemoglobin originally present.
Detects all forms of Hb (Hb, HbO2, Hi, HbCO) EXCEPT sulfhemoglobin (SHb) |
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Term
MCV calculation?
MCHC calcuation? |
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Definition
MCV calculation?
MCV = Hct x 1000 / RBC (femtoliters)
MCHC calcuation?
MCHC = Hb/Hct |
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Term
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Definition
Cells suspended in diluent and passed thru an aperture with a current
Voltage measured when cell passes thru
(V = I(current) x R)
Voltage change proportional to size
Particles between 36 - 360fL - RBCs |
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Term
Hct calculated via impedance = ?
MCHC? |
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Definition
Hct = MCV x RBC
MCHC = Hb/Hct x 100 |
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Term
Reticulocyte counting by light microscopy and optical side scatter utilize what dye?
By flow cytometry? |
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Definition
Reticulocyte counting by light microscopy and optical side scatter utilize what dye?
Supravital dye (new methylene blue or azure B)
By flow cytometry?
RNA specific fluorochrome |
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Term
Absolute reticulocyte count calculation?
Corrected retic count = ?
Retic production index (RPI) = ? |
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Definition
Absolute reticulocyte count calculation?
%reticulocytes x RBC count
Corrected retic count = ? (takes into account spurious increases due to low Hct)
CRC= % retics x Hct/45
Retic production index (RPI) = ?
RPI = CRC x 1/correction factor
[correction fx is 1.0 when Hct nl, 2 when Hct 30, and 3 when Hct is 15]
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Term
| Utility of hemoglobin solubility (dithionate) test? |
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Definition
Utility of hemoglobin solubility (dithionate) test?
-Detects insoluble Hb forms (SS,SA,SC,SD, Charlem).
-Indicative of sickling hemoglobin |
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Term
| Utility of sickling (metabisulfite) test? |
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Definition
Utility of sickling (metabisulfite) test?
Detects rbcs with sickling Hb. Whole blood + metabisulfite. Can be + in SS, SA, SC, S-other, Charlem
Requires at least 10% HbS to be positive. |
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Term
Pancellular pattern of HbF indicative of?
Heterocellular pattern? |
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Definition
Pancellular pattern of HbF indicative of?
Hereditary persistence of fetal Hb
Heterocellular?
~Thalassemia
(Acid elution technique. In acid buffer, HbA elutes from Rbcs, but HbF does not. Cells with persistent eosinophilia after acid elution have HbF) |
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Term
| Principle of quantitative assay for HbF? |
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Definition
Principle of quantitative assay for HbF?
HbF is resistant to alkali denaturation (1.25 molar NaOH)
HbA denature and precipitated out. Optical density of remaining supernatant reflects of HbF. |
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Term
| On an alkaline gel, in which band is Hb A2 found? |
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Definition
On an alkaline gel, in which band is Hb A2 found?
C band
(- C S F A +) |
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Term
Thalassemia indices?
B-thalassemia?
Alpha thalasemmia? |
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Definition
Thalassemia indices?
Increased RBC count, low MCV
B-thalassemia?
-Indices + increased HbA2
Alpha thalasemmia?
-Indices only (normal HbA2) |
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Term
Low LAP score?
High LAP score? |
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Definition
Low LAP score?
CML
PNH, ~MDS
Cong Hypophosphatasia, Neonatal septicemia
High LAP score?
Leukemoid reaction
non-CML myeloproliferative disorders
Glucocorticoids, 3rd TM pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
Difference in absorbed and emitted wavelength.
Used in flow cytometry
Original wavelength - size/complexity
Flurochrome emitted wavelength- antigen expression |
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Term
| Earliest B-cell precursors phenotype? |
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Definition
| CD34, CD38, TdT, CD10, CD19, dim CD45 |
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Term
| B-cell phenotype by time IgM is expressed |
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Definition
| CD19/20/22/79a/40 (34,38,TdT,10 -all lost) |
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Term
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Definition
CD38/138, CD79a. (often CD10, CD13/33)
CD45 lost. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| +: 34, TdT, HLA-DR, 19, 10 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Immature / Common thymocytes
Mature? |
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Definition
+: TdT, 1, 2, cyto 3, 5, 7, 4, 8
-: 34
MatureL All above except TdT-, 1-. CD3 becomes surface. 4 OR 8 |
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Term
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Definition
CD16 (Fc portion gamma heavy chain)
CD56
Lack: Surface CD3 (may express cytoplasmic) |
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Term
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Definition
Myeloblast: CD34, HLADR, CD38, 117, 13, 33
Promyelocytes: CD13, 33, CD15 (neg: 34, HLA-DR)
Metamyelocytes: acquire CD11b |
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Term
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Definition
Derives from myeloblast
Promonocyte: Loss of CD34, +11b, CD15
Additional maturation: CD64, CD14 |
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Term
| Protein mutated in hereditary Elliptocytosis? |
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Definition
| Spectrin (main cytoskeleton stabilizing force in RBC) |
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Term
| Hereditary stomatocytosis etiology? |
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Definition
Abnormal Na/K permeability
(Spleen enlarged, but NO splenectomy due to thrombosis risk) |
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Term
| Pyruvate kinase deficiency RBC morphology? |
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Definition
Echinocytes (spiny cells)
NAD decreased |
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Term
| RBC inclusions in sideroblastic anemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| MCC sideroblastic anemia? |
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Definition
| Myelodysplastic syndromes |
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Term
| Blackfan - Diamond Syndrome? |
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Definition
| Pure red cell aplasia, inherited, responds to corticosteroids, i antigen present highly |
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Term
| Fanconi anemia inheritance? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cerebellar tumor assw Cowden Syndrome |
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Term
| Hemoglobinopathy assw Rod-Shaped Crystals? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Normal: Plasma cells, immunoblasts, NK cells
Neoplastic: Reed Sternberg, ALCL |
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Term
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Definition
Immature mesenchymal cells.
Normal/neoplastic endothelial cells.
Immature myeloid cells.
GIST.
DFSP.
Chlromoas,
SFT |
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Term
| CD43 over or underexpressed in Wiskott Aldrich syndrome? |
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Definition
Under-expressed
(anomalous expsn: MCL, SLL |
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Term
| Some tumors with CD99 expresssion? |
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Definition
| Ewings/PNET, synovial sarcoma, SFT, lymphoblastic lymphomas, granulosa cell tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma |
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Term
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Definition
Reed Sternberg Cells
Dendritic reticulum cells |
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Term
| CBC abnormality in Hereditary Spherocytosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Autohemolysis test is positive in both HS and Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency- how to differentiate the 2? |
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Definition
| HS autohemolysis ceased by glucose addition while Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency is not. |
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Term
| Stomatocytic type of Hereditary Elliptocytosis - population, defect, and protection against which Malaria? |
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Definition
Population - Southeast Asia-Malaysia
Defect: Band 3
Protection: P. vivax |
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Term
| Two type of G6PD deficiency? |
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Definition
Mediterranean type - more severe
African type - less severe |
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Term
| MCC Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Basophilic stippling due to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What Hb things represent residual nuclear fragments? |
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Definition
| Howell Jowell bodies; Cabot rings |
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Term
| Infection with neutrophilia with a lack of toxic granulation, thrombocytopenia, hemoconcentration, and >10% immunoblastic lymphocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cell surface marker most consistently positive in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Takehome principles of ATCL (adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma) |
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Definition
1. hypercalcemia (osteoclast activating fx)
2.cloverleaf nuclei
3.HTLV-1 association
4.CD4+/CD8- |
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Term
| Nuclear feature of peripheral T-cell lymphoma? |
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Definition
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Term
| Feature distinguishing AILT from reactive process? |
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Definition
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Term
| Large granular lymphocytosis cytopenia association? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma epidemiology? |
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Definition
Young men
Gamma delta T-cells
Isochromosome 7q |
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Term
| Blastic NK cell lymphoma - MC site? |
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Definition
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Term
| MC Hodgkin lymphoma assw HIV? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nodular lymphocytic predominant HL phenotype? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Hodgkin subtype most often presents as a mediastinal mass? |
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Definition
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Term
| Translocation in CMML with eosinophilia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lymphoma with monocytosis and granulocytosis, monosomy 7, anemia, thrombocytopenia? |
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Definition
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
(assw NF1) |
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Term
| Common platelet defect shared by all Myeloproliferative neoplasms? |
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Definition
| Impaired aggregation with epinephrine |
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Term
| Elevated B12 levels can be seen with which lymphoid malignancy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Condition most often associated with the V617F mutation of JAK2? |
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Definition
Polycythemia Vera
*JAK STAT signalling normally involved in transducing cytokine signals into gene expression. |
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Term
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Definition
CML
190 -poor prognosis in ALL
210 -CML (standard)
230 -CML - neutrophil rich |
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Term
| Normal Plasma cell phenotype? |
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Definition
CD19, 38, 45 +
Neg: 56, 200
Neoplastic: CD19/45(50%)-, CD200+, CD56+, |
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Term
| Malignancy commonly assw Sweet's syndrome? |
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Definition
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Term
| Long term dialysis and Amyloid association? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
DICER1- pleuropulmonary blastoma, FOXP3 -IPEX syndrome
ABCA3-surfactant deficiency
LIS1 -Miller-Dieker syndrome. |
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Term
| extra-leukemic morphologically abnormal cells proliferate in acute myelogenous leukemia with inv(16)? |
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Definition
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Term
| chemotherapeutic agent is most commonly associated with acute myelogenous leukemia with anomalies of 11q23? |
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Definition
Topoisomerase II inhibitors
MLL gene |
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Term
| What defines acute myelogenous leukemia, minimally differentiated (FAB M0)? |
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Definition
| >20% blasts lacking cytochemical evidence of myeloid differentiation |
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Term
| developmental stage and percentage of total blasts must be seen for a diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia without maturation (FAB M1) |
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Definition
20% blasts, of which 90% are myeloblasts.
3% of the blasts should stain with myeloid stains, such as myeloperoxidase. |
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Term
| diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia, M4 (FAB)? |
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Definition
| 20% blasts, 20% monocytes, 20% neutrophilic precursors. |
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Term
| Staph - chalk white colonies, coagulase negative, novobioicin resistant |
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Definition
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Term
| Staph - coagulase negative, novobiocin sensitive? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Influenzae, Haemolyticus, Aegyptius |
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Term
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Definition
| Parainfluenzae, Parahaemolyticus, Aphrophilus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Extravascular hemolysis - WAIHA
IgG where?
IgM where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Only reliable CBC index with cold agglutinins is? |
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Definition
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Term
Iron deficiency anemia
Ferrtin?
TIBC?
Soluble transferrin receptor?
ZPP/FEP? |
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Definition
Iron deficiency anemia
Ferrtin? LOW
TIBC? HIGH
Soluble transferrin receptor? LOW
ZPP/FEP? HIGH |
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Term
Syndrome of Persistent Polyclonal B Lymphocytosis
HLA association? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Pentad? |
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Definition
Thrombocytopenia
L shift neutrophilia
No toxic granulation
Up [Hb]
>10% lymphocytes - immunoblastic morphology |
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Term
Anemia of Chronic disease
TIBC?
% saturation? |
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Definition
Anemia of Chronic disease
TIBC? LOW
% saturation? HIGH |
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