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| Single celled organism without a nucleus (Ex:bacteria archea) |
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| Membrane bound cell with a nucleus (ex:plant and animal cell) |
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| The main control center of the cell, holds the DNA and is surrounded by nuclear membrane (nuclear membrane determines what goes in and out of the nucleus) |
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| In charge of making proteins through the process of RNA. |
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| The power plant of the cell, it transforms chemical energy of food (glucose) into energy that can be used known as ATP. (Adenine triphosphate) |
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| Only found in plant cells for photosynthesis and captures the energy of sunlight then converts is into chemical energy. (Like a solar power plant) Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called cholorophyll. |
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| Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough er) |
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| Made of many folded membranes, it is a system of canals and most frequently called the highway of the cell. Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it which is why it is rough. |
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| Sorts and packs proteins and other materials to send somewhere else to store, known as the post office. |
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| Contains digestive enzymes that break down old defective parts of the cell, is known as the clean-up crew. |
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| Store materials like salt, water, carbohydrates, etc. Animals have multiple small vacuoles while plant cells have one big vacuole. |
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| Spherical ball in the nucleus, its function is to combine ribosomes to translate mRNA in protein synthesis. |
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| Is one of the 2 types of Passive transport, it is the movement of molecules from a high area of concentration to low. (any liquid or gas) Molecules are always moving even during equilibrium. |
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| The other type of the 2 types of Passive transport. Same thing as diffusion but not gasses or liquids, only water. H2Osmosis! |
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| Requires energy, molecules move from an area of low concentration to high. It is against the flow. (3 types->protein pumps in the membrane, endocytosis, and exocytosis. |
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Definition
| No energy required, this moves WITH the flow from an area of higher concentration to low (remember osmosis and diffusion) |
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| Protein pumps in the membrane |
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| One of the 3 types of active transport, needs energy. Proteins move large molecules from low to high concentration. |
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| Another type of the 3 active transports. Cells send materials out, a vacuole fuses with the membrane and releases the content. |
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| last type of the 3 types of Passive transport. When cells take IN materials by making pockets in the cell membrane, the pocket becomes a vacuole. |
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| Same solute concentration (when the concentration outside the cell and in the cell are equal) |
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| Makes water go OUT, when the cell has a higher concentration than outside the cell) |
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Definition
| Makes water go IN the cell. Happens when the concentration of the cell is lower than the concentration of outside the cell. |
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| balance needed for survival, cell membrane controls what goes in and out of the cell to maintain homeostasis. |
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| Hydrophobic & Hydrophilic |
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| Hydrophobic is being resistant to water while hydrophilic is loving water. |
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| Particles/solutes moving through a solution or gas from an area with a higher number of particles to a lower area of particles. (not passive transport) These Area are usually separated by a membrane |
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