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PT 100 Female Reproductive
defintions
124
Other
Undergraduate 2
04/28/2008

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Term
cervix
Definition
the lower, narrow part of the uterus
Term
cervical canal
Definition
the interior of the cervix
Term
mammary glands
Definition
the organs that secrete milk
Term
menarche
Definition
the first menses
Term
menopause
Definition
the permanent cessation of menses
Term
menses
Definition

the hemorrhage of the outer endometrial layers that occurs about every 28 days; menstruation

Term
endometrium
Definition
the inner, vascular layer of the uterus, which is the site of embryo implantation and menses
Term
myometrium
Definition
the muscular wall of the uterus
Term
perimetrium
Definition
the outermost layer of the uterus, which is composed of connective tissue
Term
ova
Definition
oocytes (egg cells) that mature within the ovarian follicles of the ovaries
Term
ovary
Definition
paired female gonads located in the pelvic cavity which produce estrogens, progesterone and ova
Term
ovulation
Definition
release of an ovum, which occurs every 28 days, on average, from one of the two ovaries
Term
uterus
Definition
a hollow organ located in the pelvic cavity that is  the site of embryo implantation, support of the fetus and menses
Term
vagina
Definition
the tube-shaped organ between the uterus and the vulva; birth canal
Term
alveolar glands
Definition
milk-secreting glands within the mammary glands
Term
Bartholin's gland
Definition
mucus-secreting glands located outside the vaginal orifice
Term
clitoris
Definition
a small structure located at the anterior end of the vestibule where the labia minora meet
Term
estrogens
Definition
hormones secreted by ovarian tissue that produces female sexual characteristics and prepares the uterus for implantation of an embryo
Term
fallopian tubes
Definition
the paired, narrow tubes that extend between each ovary and the uterus; uterine tubes or oviducts
Term
fornix
Definition
the shallow pocket at the internal end of the vagina that surrounds the external os of the cervix
Term
Graafian follicle
Definition
a mature follicle that participates in ovulation
Term
hymen
Definition
a thin membrane that partially or completely covers the vaginal orifice prior to penetration into the vagina
Term
infundibulum
Definition
the expanded, funnel-shaped end of the fallopian tube that opens to the peritoneal cavity
Term
labia majora
Definition
the external ridge of the vulva
Term
labia minora
Definition
the internal, hairless ridge of the vulva
Term
mons pubis
Definition
the anterior-most, elevated part of the vulva in which the prominence is caused by a pad of fat over the symphysis pubis
Term
recouterine pouch
Definition
a narrow space between the uterus and rectum; Douglas' cul-de-sac
Term
vestibule
Definition
the part of the vulva located within the border formed by the labia minora
Term
vulva
Definition
the external female genitalia
Term
amenorrhea
Definition
absence of menstrual discharge; menostasis
Term
dysmenorrhea
Definition
pain during menstruation
Term
hematosalpinx
Definition
blood in a fallopian tube
Term
hydrosalpinx
Definition
water accumulation in a fallopian tube
Term
leukorrhea
Definition
white or yellow discharge from the uterus
Term
mastalgia
Definition
pain in the breast
Term
menometrorrhagia
Definition
irregular or excessive bleeding other than during menstruation
Term
menorrhagia
Definition
excessive bleeding during menstruation
Term
metrorrhagia
Definition
bleeding from the uterus at any time other than during normal menstruation
Term
metrorrhea
Definition
discharge of mucus or pus from the uterus
Term
oligomenorrhea
Definition
abnormally reduced discharge during menstruation
Term
pyosalpinx
Definition
pus within a fallopian tube
Term
adenomyosis
Definition
an abnormal condition of glandular tissue growth within muscle; in the female, it refers to growth of the endometrium into the muscular layer of the uterus
Term
amastia
Definition
absence of a breast
Term
Bartholin's adenitis
Definition
inflammation of the Bartholin's gland; bartholinitis
Term
breast cancer
Definition
a malignant tumor arising from breast tissue
Term
infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC)
Definition
most common form of breast cancer
Term
carcinoma in situ of the cervix
Definition
the precancerous form of cervical cancer
Term
cervical cancer
Definition
a malignant tumor arising from the cervix; most common form is squamous cell carcinoma
Term
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)
Definition
abnormal development of cells within the cervix resulting in tumor formation, which has the potential of becoming cancerous
Term
cervicitis
Definition
inflammation of the cervix
Term
dermoid cyst
Definition
benign tumor arising from ovarian tissue composed of abnormal embyronic tissue
Term
dyspareunia
Definition
difficult or painful intercourse
Term
endocervicitis
Definition
inflammtion of the inner lining of the cervix
Term
endometrial cancer
Definition
a malignant tumor arising from endometrial tissue of the uterus, a form of uterine cancer
Term
endometriosis
Definition
an abnormal condition of the endometrium in which endometrial tissue grows in various locations in the pelvic cavity
Term
endometritis
Definition
inflammation of the endometrium
Term
fibrocystic breast disease (FBD)
Definition
formation of one or more benign cysts in the breast
Term
fibroid tumor
Definition
benign tumor containing fibrous tissues that arises from the myometrium of the uterus; myoma of the uterus, fibromyoma or leiomyoma
Term
fistula
Definition
an abnormal passage from one hollow organ to another
Term
gynopathic
Definition
pertaining to a disease of women
Term
hyperatresia
Definition
closure of the urterus, resulting in an abnormal obstruction in the uterine canal
Term
mastitis
Definition
inflammation of the breast
Term
mastoptosis
Definition
condition of a sagging breast
Term
myometritis
Definition
inflammation of the myometrium
Term
oophoritis
Definition
inflammation of an ovary
Term
ovarian cancer
Definition
a malignant tumor arising from an ovary
Term
parovarian cyst
Definition
a cyst (abnormal fluid-filled sac) of a fallopian tube
Term
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Definition
inflammation of the female organs within the pelvic cavity
Term
perimetritis
Definition
inflammation of the perimetrium
Term
polymastia
Definition

the presence of more than 2 breasts

Term
premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Definition
a collection of symptoms which usually strike during 10 days preceding menstruation
Term
prolapsed uterus
Definition
displacement of the uterus resulting in a downward loocation, often crowding the vagina; hysteroptosis
Term
salpingitis
Definition
inflammation of the fallopian tube
Term
salpingocele
Definition
hernia of the fallopian tube
Term

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Definition
an infectious disease charcterized by a rapid onset of symptoms including high fever, skin rash, diarrhea, vomiting and myalgia, followed by  hypotension leading to shock and severe cases death; ususally caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Term
vaginitis
Definition
inflammation of the vagina; colpitis
Term
vulvovaginitis
Definition
inflammation of the vulva and vagina
Term
anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair)
Definition
surgical repair of a protusion of the bladder against the anterior vaginal wall and protrusion of the rectum against the posterior vaginal wall
Term
biospy (Bx)
Definition

removal of a tissue sample for microscopic evaluation

Term
cancer antigen-125 tumor marker (CA-125)
Definition
a blood test that is used to provide evidence for ovarian cancer, which measures the levels of a protein produced by cancer cells
Term
cervical conization
Definition
removal of the cone-shaped portion of the cervix
Term
cervicectomy
Definition
excision of the cervix; trachelectomy
Term
colpoperineorrhaphy
Definition
suture of the vagina and perineum to correct tears
Term
colpoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the vagina
Term
colporrhaphy
Definition
suture of the vagina
Term
colposcopy
Definition
endocopic examination of the vagina with a colposcope
Term
culdocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture into the pelvic cavity to remove fluid from the recouterine pouch
Term
culdoscopy
Definition
endoscopic examination of the space between the rectum and the uterus with a culdoscope
Term
dilation and curettage (D&C)
Definition
dilation of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium in order to control bleeding, obtain a tissue sample for biopsy or remove polyps
Term
endometrial ablation
Definition
the use of lasers, electricity or heat to destroy the endometrium, followed by its removal
Term
episioperineoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the vulva and perineum
Term
episiorrhaphy
Definition
suture of the vulva to correct a tear
Term
episiotomy
Definition
incision of the vulva and perineum to prevent tearing during childbirth
Term
gynecology
Definition
the study of diseases of women
Term
gynecologist
Definition
a physician specializing in women's diseases
Term
hymenectomy
Definition
excision of the hymen
Term
hymenotomy
Definition
incision into the hymen
Term

hysterectomy

Definition
excision of the uterus, which may include surrounding structures; uterectomy
Term
hysteropexy
Definition
surgical fixation of the uterus
Term
hysterosalpingography (HSG)
Definition
x-ray procedure that produces an x-ray image of the uiterus and the fallopian tubes after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium
Term
hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
Definition
excision of the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries
Term

hysteroscopy

Definition
endoscopic examination of the uterine cavity using a hysteroscope
Term
mammography
Definition
x-ray proceudre that produces an x-ray image of the breast
Term
mammoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the breasts
Term
mastectomy
Definition
excision of a breast
Term
mastopexy
Definition
surgical fixation of the breast
Term
oophorectomy
Definition
excision of an ovary
Term
panhysterectomy
Definition
excision of the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes which are removed through an abdominal incision
Term

Papanicolau smear (Pap smear)

Definition
a diagnostic procedure in which a sample of cells from the cervix and vagina are removed and examined microscopically for abnormalities
Term
perineorrhaphy
Definition
suture of the perineum to correct a tear
Term
salpingectomy
Definition
excision of a fallopian tube
Term
salpingo-oophorectomy
Definition
excision of a fallopian tube and an ovary, usually the same side
Term
salpingostomy
Definition
surgical creation of an opening through the wall of a fallopian tube
Term
sonohysterography
Definition
ultrasound procedure that records an image of the uterus with the use of sound wave
Term
trachelorrhaphy
Definition
suture of the wall of the cervix
Term
transvaginal sonography (TVS)
Definition
ultrasound procedure in which a probe is inserted into the vagina to record images of the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and surrounding structures
Term
tubal ligation
Definition
sterilization procedure by ligating (cutting and tying) the fallopian tubes
Term
vaginal speculum
Definition
instrument for opening the vagina orifice to permit visual examination of the vagina and beyond
Term
vulvectomy
Definition
excision of the vulva
Term
CIS
Definition
carcinoma in situ
Term
ERT
Definition
estrogen replacement therapy
Term
GYN
Definition
gynecology
Term
HSG
Definition
hysterosalpingogram
Term
TAH/BSO
Definition

total abdominal hysterectomy/ bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

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