Identical twins are most likely to share a similar prenatal environment if they share the same:

A) Placenta

B) reproductive capacity

C) norms

D) Gender Schemas

Children raised in the same family are not especially likely to have similar personalities. This most clearly implies that we should be cautious about attributing personality to:

A) Gender Schemas

B) Parental Influences

C) Temperment

D) Peer influences

It has been suggested that our sensitivity to peer influence is genetically predisposed because it has facilitated the process of human mating. This suggestion best illustrates:

A) Gender Schema Theory

B) Collectivism

C) Gender Typing

D) An evolutionary perspective

Since 1960, most Western cultures have changed with remarkable speed. The least likely explanation for these variations involves changes in:

A) Communication Systems

B) Genetic predispositions

C) Scientific Knowledge

D) Social Norms

In considering gender differences, it is helpful to remember that:

A) There are gender differences in behaviour that are common to all human cultures

B) Genetic similarities between the genders are much greater than genetic differences

C) Genetic differences between the genders do not contribute to gender differences in behaviour

D) All of the above are true

Men and women are most likely to differ in their:

A) happiness

B) intelligence

C) Self esteem

D) agressiveness

When looking for someone in whom they can confide their personal worries, women usually turn to ____ and men usually turn to ____.

A) men; men

B) Women; men

C) Women; Women

D) men; Women

A boy who consistently exhibits traditionally masculine interests and behaviour patterns demonstrates the impact of:

A) neuroticism

B) Collectivism

C) the X chromosome

D) gender-typing

Mr. Eskenaxi frowns when his son cries but hugs his daughter when she cries. Mr. Eskenazi's contribution to the gender-typing of his children would most likely be highlighted by:

A) gender schema theorists

B) social learning theorists

C) biopsychosocial psychologists

D) evolutionary psychologists

Professor Smith emphasizes that gender similarities and differences are products of a continuous interplay among genetically predisposed traits, culturally shaped roles, and personally constructed expectatons and assumptions. The professor's emphasis best illustrates:

A) collectivism

B) individualism

C) gender-typing

D) a biopsychosocial approach

The sequence of brain regions from the evolutionary oldest to newest is:

A) limbic system; brainstem; cerebral cortex

B) brainstem; cerebral cortex; limbic system

C) limbic system; cerebral cortex; brainstem

D) brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex

The part of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing is called the:

A) cerebellum

B) medulla

C) amygdala

D) thalamus

The "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the:

A) limbic system

B) corpus collosum

C) cerebellum

D) reticular formation

Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the formation of new memories?

A) hypothalamus

B) Thalamus

C) hippocampus

D) medulla

To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's:

A) reticular formation

B) cerebellum

C) Medulla

D) amygdala

A brain tumor caused extensive damage to Mr. Thorndike's hypothalamus. It is most likely that he may suffer a loss of:

A) visual perception

B) muscular coordination

C) sexual motivation

D) language comprehension

The experience of auditory hallucinations by people with schizophrenia is most closely linked with the activation of areas in their :

A) motor cortex

B) angular gyrus

C) temporal lobes

D) hypothalamus

The association areas are located in the:

A) brainstem

B) thalamus

C) limbic system

D) cerebral cortex

The capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as brain:

A) tomography

B) hemispherectomy

C) aphasia

D) plasticity

To fully appreciate the interaction of neural activity, mental processes and the function of human communities it is most necessary to recognize that people are:

A) consciously aware

B) morally accountable

C) biopsychosocial systems

D) products of multiple neural networks

An axon is:

A) a cell that serves as the basic building block of the nervous system

B) a layer of fatty tissue that encases the fibers of many neurons

C) an antagonist molecule that blocks neurotransmitter receptor sites

D) the extension of a neuron that carries messages away from the cell body

With regard to the process of neural transmission, a refractory period refers to a tiem interval in which:

A) a neuron fires more rapidly than usual

B) an electrical charge travels from a sensory neuron to a motor neuron

C) positively charged ions are pumped back outside a neural membrane

D) an individual reflexively withdraws from a pain stimulus

The chemical messengers released into the spatial junctions between neurons are called:

A) hormones

B) neurotransmitters

C) synapses

D) genes

An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to: 

A) alzheimers disease 

B) multiple sclerosis

C) parkinsons disease

D) depression

The bodys natural production of endorphins is likely to be :

A) Increased by heroin use and increased by vigorous exercise

B)Decresed by heroin use and decreased by vigorous exercise

C) Increased by heroin use and decreased by vigorous exercise

D) Decreased by heroin use and increased by vigorous exercise

A drug that mimics the effects of a particular neruotransmitter or blocks its reuptake is called a(n):

A) glutamate

B) steroid

C) agonist

D) opiate

Hormones are the chemical messengers of the:

A) autonomic nervous system

B) endocrine system

C) somatic nervous system

D) parasympathetic division

The master gland of the endocrine system is the:

A) thyroid gland

B) adrenal gland

C) pituitary gland

D) pancreas